Giulia Refolo, Fabiola Ciccosanti, Martina Di Rienzo, Ariel Basulto Perdomo, Marta Romani, Tonino Alonzi, Marco Tripodi, Giuseppe Ippolito, Mauro Piacentini, Gian Maria Fimia – 2 August 2018 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is highly efficient in establishing a chronic infection, having evolved multiple strategies to suppress the host antiviral responses. The HCV nonstructural 5A (NS5A) protein, in addition to its role in viral replication and assembly, has long been known to hamper the interferon (IFN) response.

José Alcaraz‐Quiles, Mireia Casulleras, Karl Oettl, Esther Titos, Roger Flores‐Costa, Marta Duran‐Güell, Cristina López‐Vicario, Marco Pavesi, Rudolf E. Stauber, Vicente Arroyo, Joan Clària – 2 August 2018 – Decompensated cirrhosis is characterized by exuberant systemic inflammation. Although the inducers of this feature remain unknown, the presence of circulating forms of oxidized albumin, namely human nonmercaptalbumin 1 (HNA1) and HNA2, is a common finding in cirrhosis.

Ji Hye Min, Jong Man Kim, Young Kon Kim, Tae Wook Kang, Soon Jin Lee, Gyu Seong Choi, Seo‐Youn Choi, Soohyun Ahn – 2 August 2018 – We intraindividually compared the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with extracellular contrast agents (ECA‐MRI) and MRI with hepatobiliary agents (HBA‐MRI) for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS).

James E. Squires, David A. Rudnick, Regina M. Hardison, Simon Horslen, Vicky L. Ng, Estella M. Alonso, Steven H. Belle, Robert H. Squires – 2 August 2018 – Liver transplant (LT) decisions in pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) are complex. Three phases of the PALF registry, containing data on 1,144 participants over 15 years, were interrogated to characterize clinical features associated with listing status. A decrease in the cumulative incidence of listing (P < 0.005) and receiving (P < 0.05) LT occurred without an increase in the cumulative incidence of death (P = 0.67).

Keisaku Sato, Marco Marzioni, Fanyin Meng, Heather Francis, Shannon Glaser, Gianfranco Alpini – 2 August 2018 – Ductular reaction (DR) is characterized by the proliferation of reactive bile ducts induced by liver injuries. DR is pathologically recognized as bile duct hyperplasia and is commonly observed in biliary disorders. It can also be identified in various liver disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. DR is associated with liver fibrosis and damage, and the extent of DR parallels to patient mortality.

Karen F. Murray, William F. Balistreri, Sanjay Bansal, Suzanne Whitworth, Helen M. Evans, Regino P. Gonzalez‐Peralta, Jessica Wen, Benedetta Massetto, Kathryn Kersey, Jiang Shao, Kimberly L. Garrison, Bandita Parhy, Diana M. Brainard, Ronen Arnon, Lynette A. Gillis, Maureen M. Jonas, Chuan‐Hao Lin, Michael R. Narkewicz, Kathleen Schwarz, Philip Rosenthal – 2 August 2018 – Currently, there are no interferon‐free treatments available for hepatitis C virus (HCV)–infected patients younger than 12 years.

Manuel Tufoni, Carmen Serena Ricci, Giacomo Zaccherini – 2 August 2018

Edward J. Gane, Catherine A. Stedman, Christian Schwabe, Leen Vijgen, Sushmita Chanda, Thomas N. Kakuda, John Fry, Lawrence M. Blatt, Matthew W. McClure – 2 August 2018 – This open‐label, phase IIa study assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of direct‐acting antiviral agent (DAA) regimens in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Multiple 6‐12‐week oral regimens of 400‐800 mg once daily (QD) AL‐335 + 50 mg QD/every other day odalasvir ± 75‐150 mg QD simeprevir were evaluated in treatment‐naïve, HCV genotype (GT)1/3‐infected patients without cirrhosis.

Ronald T. Cotton, Hop S. Tran Cao, Abbas A. Rana, Yvonne H. Sada, David A. Axelrod, John A. Goss, Mark A. Wilson, Steven A. Curley, Nader N. Massarweh – 2 August 2018 – Multidisciplinary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment is associated with optimal outcomes. There are few data analyzing the impact of treating hospitals' therapeutic offerings on survival. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 18‐70 years with HCC in the National Cancer Database (2004‐2012).

Keisaku Sato, Marco Marzioni, Fanyin Meng, Heather Francis, Shannon Glaser, Gianfranco Alpini – 2 August 2018 – Ductular reaction (DR) is characterized by the proliferation of reactive bile ducts induced by liver injuries. DR is pathologically recognized as bile duct hyperplasia and is commonly observed in biliary disorders. It can also be identified in various liver disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. DR is associated with liver fibrosis and damage, and the extent of DR parallels to patient mortality.