Hepatitis B Virus Induces Autophagy to Promote its Replication by the Axis of miR‐192‐3p‐XIAP Through NF kappa B Signaling

Jingwen Wang, Jianwen Chen, Yang Liu, Xianhuang Zeng, Mingcong Wei, Shaoshuai Wu, Qiushuang Xiong, Feifei Song, Xu Yuan, Yu Xiao, Yun Cao, Changyong Li, Lang Chen, Mingxiong Guo, Yun‐Bo Shi, Guihong Sun, Deyin Guo – 4 September 2018 – Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. It has been reported that viral infection can interfere with cellular microRNA (miRNA) expression and participate in the pathogenesis of oncogenicity.

Global Perspectives on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Zobair Younossi, Frank Tacke, Marco Arrese, Barjesh Chander Sharma, Ibrahim Mostafa, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Vincent Wai‐Sun Wong, Yusuf Yilmaz, Jacob George, Jiangao Fan, Miriam B. Vos – 4 September 2018 – Over the past 2 decades, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grown from a relatively unknown disease to the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the world. In fact, 25% of the world’s population is currently thought to have NAFLD. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the subtype of NAFLD that can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and death.

Global Perspectives on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Zobair Younossi, Frank Tacke, Marco Arrese, Barjesh Chander Sharma, Ibrahim Mostafa, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Vincent Wai‐Sun Wong, Yusuf Yilmaz, Jacob George, Jiangao Fan, Miriam B. Vos – 4 September 2018 – Over the past 2 decades, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grown from a relatively unknown disease to the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the world. In fact, 25% of the world’s population is currently thought to have NAFLD. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the subtype of NAFLD that can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and death.

Pharmacological Inhibition of CCR2/5 Signaling Prevents and Reverses Alcohol‐Induced Liver Damage, Steatosis, and Inflammation in Mice

Aditya Ambade, Patrick Lowe, Karen Kodys, Donna Catalano, Benedek Gyongyosi, Yeonhee Cho, Arvin Iracheta‐Vellve, Adeyinka Adejumo, Banishree Saha, Charles Calenda, Jeeval Mehta, Eric Lefebvre, Pamela Vig, Gyongyi Szabo – 4 September 2018 – Kupffer cell and macrophage (MØ) activation contributes to steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in alcoholic liver disease (ALD).

NLR Family Pyrin Domain‐Containing 3 Inflammasome Activation in Hepatic Stellate Cells Induces Liver Fibrosis in Mice

Maria Eugenia Inzaugarat, Casey D. Johnson, Theresa Maria Holtmann, Matthew D. McGeough, Christian Trautwein, Bettina G. Papouchado, Robert Schwabe, Hal M. Hoffman, Alexander Wree, Ariel E. Feldstein – 4 September 2018 – The NLR family pyrin domain‐containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays an important role in liver fibrosis (LF) development. However, the mechanisms involved in NLRP3‐induced fibrosis are unclear. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the NLRP3 inflammasome in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) can directly regulate their activation and contribute to LF.

Advancing Age and Comorbidity in a US Insured Population‐Based Cohort of Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B

Mindie H. Nguyen, Joseph K. Lim, A. Burak Ozbay, Jeremy Fraysse, Iris Liou, Nicole Meyer, Geoffrey Dusheiko, Stuart C. Gordon – 2 September 2018 – Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) comorbidity data are limited. Using insurance claims databases, our aims were to determine the prevalence and incidence of nonliver comorbidities in CHB patients over time and the predictors of select comorbidities in CHB patients. Patients were adults with continuous coverage (commercial/Medicare or Medicaid) 6 months prior to and after the first CHB diagnosis and matched non‐CHB patients.

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B or C

Wei‐Yu Kao, Chien‐Wei Su, Elise Chia‐Hui Tan, Pei‐Chang Lee, Ping‐Hsien Chen, Jui‐Hsiang Tang, Yi‐Hsiang Huang, Teh‐Ia Huo, Chun‐Chao Chang, Ming‐Chih Hou, Han‐Chieh Lin, Jaw‐Ching Wu – 2 September 2018 – Researchers have hypothesized that the long‐term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can increase the risk of developing cancer. However, the association between PPI use and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk is unclear.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Detection by Plasma Methylated DNA: Discovery, Phase I Pilot, and Phase II Clinical Validation

John B. Kisiel, Brian A. Dukek, Reddappa V.S.R. Kanipakam, Hassan M. Ghoz, Tracy C. Yab, Calise K. Berger, William R. Taylor, Patrick H. Foote, Nasra H. Giama, Kristeen Onyirioha, Mohamed A. Abdallah, Kelli N. Burger, Seth W. Slettedahl, Douglas W. Mahoney, Thomas C. Smyrk, Jason T. Lewis, Maria Giakoumopoulos, Hatim T. Allawi, Graham P. Lidgard, Lewis R. Roberts, David A. Ahlquist – 31 August 2018 – Early detection improves hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) outcomes, but better noninvasive surveillance tools are needed.

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