Dipeptidyl Peptidase‐4 Is a Pro‐Recovery Mediator During Acute Hepatotoxic Damage and Mirrors Severe Shifts in Kupffer Cells

Nádia Duarte, Inês Coelho, Denys Holovanchuk, Joana Inês Almeida, Carlos Penha‐Gonçalves, Maria Paula Macedo – 7 September 2018 – Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4 or clusters of differentiation [CD]26) is a multifunctional molecule with established roles in metabolism. Pharmacologic inhibition of DPP‐4 is widely used to improve glycemic control through regulation of the incretin effect. Colaterally, CD26/DPP‐4 inhibition appears to be beneficial in many inflammatory conditions, namely in delaying progression of liver pathology.

Follicular T Helper Cell Signatures in Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Leonie Adam, Katharina Zoldan, Maike Hofmann, Michael Schultheiss, Dominik Bettinger, Christoph Neumann‐Haefelin, Robert Thimme, Tobias Boettler – 7 September 2018 – Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are the most common cholestatic liver diseases. While PBC is generally accepted to be an autoimmune disorder characterized by pathognomonic autoantibodies against mitochondrial antigens, the pathogenesis of PSC is less precisely defined; however, some degree of altered immunity toward autoantigens has been suggested.

Aortic Versus Dual Perfusion for Retrieval of the Liver After Brain Death: A National Registry Analysis

Ahmer M. Hameed, Tony Pang, Peter Yoon, Glenda Balderson, Ronald De Roo, Lawrence Yuen, Vincent Lam, Jerome Laurence, Michael Crawford, Richard D. M. Allen, Wayne J. Hawthorne, Henry C. Pleass – 7 September 2018 – There is lack of consensus in the literature regarding the comparative efficacy of in situ aortic‐only compared with dual (aortic and portal venous) perfusion for retrieval and transplantation of the liver.

Great Expectations: Principal Investigator and Trainee Perspectives on Hiring, Supervision, and Mentoring

Leonard Kaps, Jonathan G. Stine, Jessica Mellinger, Silvia Vilarinho – 7 September 2018 – A functioning mentor–trainee relationship is of high importance in academia. Discrepancies in expectations between principal investigators (PIs) and trainees are a source of misunderstandings and conflicts, endangering scientific progress and career advancement.

Whole‐Exome Sequencing Study of Extreme Phenotypes of NAFLD

Sarah E. Kleinstein, Matthew Rein, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Cynthia D. Guy, David B. Goldstein, Anna Mae Diehl, Cynthia A. Moylan – 5 September 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a heterogeneous disease with highly variable outcomes. Patients with simple steatosis typically experience a benign course, whereas those with more advanced liver injury, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and advanced stage fibrosis suffer increased risk for complications such as cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and liver cancer.

A Rare Nonsense Mutation in the Glucokinase Regulator Gene Is Associated With a Rapidly Progressive Clinical Form of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Carlos J. Pirola, Diego Flichman, Hernán Dopazo, Tomas Fernández Gianotti, Julio San Martino, Cristian Rohr, Martin Garaycoechea, Carla Gazzi, Gustavo O. Castaño, Silvia Sookoian – 5 September 2018 – We report on the presence of a rare nonsense mutation (rs149847328, p.Arg227Ter) in the glucokinase regulator (GCKR) gene in an adult patient with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), morbid obesity, and type 2 diabetes; this patient developed a progressive histological form of the disease.

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