Vlado Simko, Shoukry Michael, Robert E. Kelley – 1 January 1987 – Bile acids, in a random sample of urine, discriminated normal controls from liver disease, with a probability similar to fasting plasma bile acids (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, depending on the analytical technique). A high degree of correlation between urinary and plasma bile acids (up to r = 0.93) was achieved only when the urine flow was corrected by using a urinary bile acids/creatinine ratio but not with urinary bile acids as simple volume concentration.

R. Adron Harris, Francis R. Simon – 1 January 1987

Charles L. Mendenhall, Harold O. Conn – 1 January 1987

Thomas D. Boyer – 1 January 1987

Allan R. Shatzman, Martin Rosenberg – 1 January 1987 – There are numerous proteins of biological interest which cannot be obtained from natural sources in quantities sufficient for detailed biochemical and physical analysis. The limited bioavailability of these molecules has made it impossible to consider their potential utilization as either pharmacological agents and/or targets. One solution to this problem has been the development of recombinant vector systems which are designed to achieve efficient expression of cloned genes in a variety of biological systems.

William S. Robinson, Roger H. Miller, Patricia L. Marion – 1 January 1987 – The hepadnavirus (1–3) family includes hepatitis B virus (HBV), woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) (4), ground squirrel hepatitis virus (GSHV) (5) and duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) (6). These viruses share unique ultrastructural, molecular and biological features. HBV has great medical importance in many parts of the world. More important numerically than acute hepatitis B in high prevalence geographic regions is the liver disease associated with chronic infection.

Elizabeth B. Haagsma, Michael Manns, Reinhild Klein, Joris Grond, Johannes R. Huizenga, Maarten J. H. Slooff, Karl‐Hermann Meyer Zum Büschenfelde, Peter A. Berg, Chris H. Gips – 1 January 1987 – Antimitochondrial antibodies are markers for primary biliary cirrhosis and probably reflect a specific defect in immunoregulation underlying this disease. Antimitochondrial antibodies and their primary biliary cirrhosis‐specific subtypes were tested before and up to 6 years after orthotopic liver transplantation.

Arie J. Zuckerman – 1 January 1987

1 January 1987

Richard A. Kozarek, Harold O. Conn – 1 January 1987 – Five patients with benign strictures of the biliary tract were treated by Gruntzig balloon dilation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. All of the strictures were effectively dilated. One patient with a retained stone in the proximal biliary tree underwent surgery 3 weeks after the dilation because of cholangitis. The other four patients were well at a mean follow‐up of 6 months. There were no complications related to the procedure.