Metabolism of ursocholic acid in humans: Conversion of ursocholic acid to deoxycholic acid

G. Stephen Tint, Ashok K. Batta, Bishambar Dayal, Nina Kovell, Sarah Shefer, Gerald Salen – 1 April 1992 – To study the metabolism of ursocholic acid, control subjects were injected with radiolabeled cholic and ursocholic acids before and after 1 wk of 900 mg/day oral ursocholic acid. Daily samples of bile were obtained, and biliary bile acids were extracted and purified to determine bile acid kinetics.

Evaluation of hepatitis delta virus RNA levels during interferon therapy by analysis of polymerase chain reaction products with a nonradioisotopic hybridization assay

Elisabetta Cariani, Antonella Ravaggi, Massimo Puoti, Giovanni Mantero, Alberto Albertini, Daniele Primi – 1 April 1992 – We developed a nonradioisotopic assay for detection of hepatitis delta virus RNA in serum by combining reverse transcription of RNA, polymerase chain reaction of the resultant complementary DNA and enzyme linked immunoassay detection of the polymerase chain reaction products using a monoclonal antibody specific for double‐stranded DNA.

Interactions between human immunodeficiency virus‐1, hepatitis delta virus and hepatitis B virus infections in 260 chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus

Chantal Housset, Stanislas Pol, Françoise Carnot, Frédéric Dubois, Bertrand Nalpas, Bruno Housset, Pierre Berthelot, Christian Brechot – 1 April 1992 – To evaluate the factors determining the severity of chronic hepatitis B virus infection and the interactions of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis delta virus infections, we retrospectively analyzed 260 patients, 146 of whom were followed for a mean of 31.4 ± 1.8 mo.

Atrial natriuretic peptide in portal vein–ligated rats: Alterations in cardiac production, plasma level and glomerular receptor density and affinity

Gavin M. Jonas, Timothy R. Morgan, Kengathevy Morgan, Inthirany Thillainadarajah, Cynthia Hornacek – 1 April 1992 – The atrial natriuretic peptide hormonal system is altered to a variable degree in patients with cirrhosis. Portal pressure and portal‐systemic shunting are also varied in cirrhosis. We used a portal vein–ligated rat model with predictable portal hypertension to study the effects of portal hypertension alone on the atrial natriuretic peptide hormonal system. Sham‐operated rats were used as controls.

Liver function in acute viral hepatitis as determined by a hepatocyte‐specific ligand: 99mTc‐galactosyl–neoglycoalbumin

Irene Virgolini, Christian Müller, Josef Höbart, Werner Scheithauer, Peter Angelberger, Helmar Bergmann, John O'Grady, Helmut Sinzinger – 1 April 1992 – Twelve patients with recently diagnosed acute viral hepatitis underwent serial 99mTc‐galactosyl neoglycoalbumin scanning of the liver (for up to 8 mo). Injection of 99mTc‐galactosyl neoglycoalbumin (150 mBq) at a rate of 3.5 mg (50 nmol; 1 ml) revealed that the liver is the exclusive site of tracer uptake.

Scintigraphic documentation of an improvement in hepatobiliary excretory function after treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with cystic fibrosis and associated liver disease

Carla Colombo, Maria Rita Castellani, William F. Balistreri, Ettore Seregni, Maria Luisa Assaisso, Annamaria Giunta – 1 April 1992 – We have previously documented that ursodeoxycholic acid exerts a beneficial effect on liver function and bile acid metabolism in patients with cystic fibrosis. We hypothesized that the mechanism of action may be related in part to the choleretic properties of the administered bile acid.

The pathology of hepatitis C

Peter J. Scheuer, Parvin Ashrafzadeh, Sheila Sherlock, David Brown, Geoffrey M. Dusheiko – 1 April 1992 – To determine the histologic pattern of hepatitis C, 54 liver biopsy specimens from 45 patients with a clinicopathological diagnosis of hepatitis C were studied. All patients were seropositive for antibody to hepatitis C virus by second‐generation testing. Both transfusion‐related and sporadic cases were included. More than half the samples showed chronic hepatitis without cirrhosis, whereas 44% showed developing or fully established cirrhosis.

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