Vijay Shah, Steve Webster, Jeanne Gottstein, Andres T. Blei – 1 June 1993 – In fulminant liver failure, brain edema may progress to intracranial hypertension. However, the rise in intracranial pressure is a late event in this sequence. We investigated the relationship between cerebral perfusion and development of intracranial hypertension in a well‐characterized model of fulminant liver failure, the rat subjected to hepatic devascularization (n = 11).

Hanan Al Mardini, Emma J. Harrison, Paul G. Ince, Kim Bartlett, Christopher O. Record – 1 June 1993 – The neurotransmitter serotonin has a profound effect on the control of sleep; thus excess serotonin activity in the brain could be responsible for impaired consciousness in hepatic encephalopathy. Furthermore, an increased brain level of 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid has been a consistent finding in various animal models of the condition.

Jürgen Scheibner, Michael Fuchs, Michael Schiemann, Gisela Tauber, Erwin Hörmann, Eduard F. Stange – 1 June 1993 – The present study defines the origin of cholesterol subserving bile acid synthesis in male rats with an extracorporal bile duct by labeling newly formed cholesterol with tritiated water. Within 6 hr after interruption of the enterohepatic circulation, the bile acid pool was depleted. At this early time point the proportion from de novo cholesterol was 8% and 12% for biliary cholesterol and cholate, but 18% and 19% for muricholate and chenodeoxycholate, respectively.

Jacqueline B. Wahler, Mark G. Swain, Richard Carson, Nora V. Bergasa, E. Anthony Jones – 1 June 1993 – The blood‐brain‐barrier plays an essential role in regulating the entrance of substances into the brain. To date, permeability of the blood‐brain barrier has not been studied in models of cholestatic liver injury, although levels of substances known to enhance vascular permeability (bile acids, substance P, histamine) are elevated in cholestasis.

Jurgen Ludwig, Etsuko Hashimoto, Hiroshi Obata, William P. Baldus – 1 June 1993

Darrell H. G. Crawford, June W. Halliday, W. G. E. Cooksley, Therese L. Murphy, Suzanne D. Golding, Jennifer D. Wallace, Ross C. Cuneo, Steven V. Lynch, Russell J. Strong, Lawrie W. Powell – 1 June 1993 – We compared total body water and intracellularextracellular distribution of body water between male patients with mild liver disease without ascites (n = 9), male patients with severe liver disease and gross ascites (n = 6) and a group of age‐, sex‐, height‐ and weight‐ matched controls (n = 6).

1 June 1993

Masao Honda, Shuichi Kaneko, Masashi Unoura, Kenichi Kobayashi, Seishi Murakami – 1 June 1993 – We evaluated the risk of hepatitis C virus transmission through household contact with chronic carriers using nucleotide sequence analysis. Chronic hepatitis C patients (76 patients) were divided into two groups: familial transmission of hepatitis C virus was studied in group A (53 patients); group B (23 patients) served as nonfamilial controls for group A.

Henkjan J. Verkade, Henk Wolters, Albert Gerding, Rick Havinga, Vaclav Fidler, Roel J. Vonk, Folkert Kuipers – 1 June 1993 – Bile acid–induced lipid secretion was compared in unanesthetized normal control and Groningen Yellow Wistar rats during variations in endogenous bile acid output. Groningen Yellow rats express a genetic defect in the biliary secretion of various organic anions.

Fukashi Doi, Tomomochi Goya, Motomichi Torisu – 1 June 1993 – We investigated the pathogenesis of septic liver injury in rats caused by cecal ligation and puncture. In this model, numerous neutrophils accumulated in the liver in parallel with the development of liver dysfunction. The supernatants of hepatic macrophages isolated from these septic rats 24 hr after cecal ligation and puncture had enhanced chemotactic activities for human neutrophils. These results suggest that in sepsis, hepatic macrophages attract neutrophils to the liver.