Proton Pump Inhibitors Are Associated With Minimal and Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy and Increased Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis

Silvia Nardelli, Stefania Gioia, Lorenzo Ridola, Alessio Farcomeni, Manuela Merli, Oliviero Riggio – 5 October 2018 – Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a subclinical cognitive impairment frequently observable in patients with cirrhosis. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can contribute to small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth, but no study has investigated the link between PPIs and MHE. We investigated the relationship between MHE and PPI use as well as the role of PPI use in the development of overt HE and survival.

Deceased Pediatric Donor Livers: How Current Policy Drives Allocation and Transplantation

Jin Ge, Evelyn K. Hsu, John Bucuvalas, Jennifer C. Lai – 3 October 2018 – Each year, approximately 60 children, representing 12% of waitlist candidates, die awaiting liver transplantation. The current allocation algorithm for pediatric donor livers prioritizes local/regional adults over national children. We attempted to better understand the impact of the present algorithm on pediatric candidates. We analyzed pediatric donor liver offers from 2010 to 2014. Donors and recipients were classified based on age.

LXRα Promotes Hepatosteatosis in Part Through Activation of MicroRNA‐378 Transcription and Inhibition of Ppargc1β Expression

Tianpeng Zhang, Jiangyan Duan, Lei Zhang, Zhuoyu Li, Clifford J. Steer, Guiqin Yan, Guisheng Song – 3 October 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major risk factor of many end‐stage liver diseases. Alterations in microRNA expression have been reported in patients with NAFLD. However, the transcriptional mechanism(s) of dysregulated microRNAs under the state of NAFLD is poorly described, and microRNAs that regulate the pathogenesis of NAFLD synergistically with their regulators remain unknown.

DEAD Box Protein 5 Inhibits Liver Tumorigenesis by Stimulating Autophagy via Interaction with p62/SQSTM1

Hao Zhang, Yanqiu Zhang, Xiaoyun Zhu, Chen Chen, Chao Zhang, Yuanzheng Xia, Yucheng Zhao, Ourania Andrisani, Lingyi Kong – 3 October 2018 – In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), dysregulated expression of DDX5 (DEAD box protein 5) and impaired autophagy have been reported separately. However, the relationship between them has not been explored. Here we present evidence to show that, by interacting with autophagic receptor p62, DDX5 promotes autophagy and suppresses tumorigenesis.

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