Antibiotic‐Associated Disruption of Microbiota Composition and Function in Cirrhosis Is Restored by Fecal Transplant

Jasmohan S. Bajaj, Genta Kakiyama, Tor Savidge, Hajime Takei, Zain A. Kassam, Andrew Fagan, Edith A. Gavis, William M. Pandak, Hiroshi Nittono, Phillip B. Hylemon, Prapaporn Boonma, Anthony Haag, Douglas M. Heuman, Michael Fuchs, Binu John, Masoumeh Sikaroodi, Patrick M. Gillevet – 17 April 2018 – Patients with cirrhosis are often exposed to antibiotics that can lead to resistance and fungal overgrowth. The role of fecal microbial transplant (FMT) in restoring gut microbial function is unclear in cirrhosis.

Inhibition of insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor enhances the efficacy of sorafenib in inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and survival

Fang Wang, Thomas Bank, Gregory Malnassy, Maribel Arteaga, Na Shang, Annika Dalheim, Xianzhong Ding, Scott J. Cotler, Mitchell F. Denning, Michael I. Nishimura, Peter Breslin, Wei Qiu – 17 April 2018 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common primary cancer and second largest cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. The first‐line oral chemotherapeutic agent sorafenib only increases survival in patients with advanced HCC by less than 3 months. Most patients with advanced HCC have shown limited response rates and survival benefits with sorafenib.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Is Associated With Gut Microbiota Profile and Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Francesca Romana Ponziani, Sherrie Bhoori, Chiara Castelli, Lorenza Putignani, Licia Rivoltini, Federica Del Chierico, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Daniele Morelli, Francesco Paroni Sterbini, Valentina Petito, Sofia Reddel, Riccardo Calvani, Chiara Camisaschi, Anna Picca, Alessandra Tuccitto, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maurizio Pompili, Vincenzo Mazzaferro – 17 April 2018 – The gut–liver axis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is the third leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide.

The adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase—vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase–pH axis: A key regulator of the profibrogenic phenotype of human hepatic stellate cells

Giusi Marrone, Francesco De Chiara, Katrin Böttcher, Ana Levi, Dipok Dhar, Lisa Longato, Giuseppe Mazza, Zhenzhen Zhang, Martina Marrali, Anabel Fernández‐Iglesias, Andrew Hall, Tu Vinh Luong, Benoit Viollet, Massimo Pinzani, Krista Rombouts – 17 April 2018 – Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are characterized by activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which is associated with higher intracellular pH (pHi). The vacuolar H+ adenosine‐triphosphatase (v‐ATPase) multisubunit complex is a key regulator of pHi homeostasis.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Donor‐Specific Alloantibodies After Adult Liver Transplantation

Katia Vandevoorde, Stéphanie Ducreux, Alexie Bosch, Olivier Guillaud, Valérie Hervieu, Christine Chambon‐Augoyard, Domitille Poinsot, Patrice André, Jean‐Yves Scoazec, Philip Robinson, Olivier Boillot, Valérie Dubois, Jérôme Dumortier – 17 April 2018 – The incidence and impact of anti–human leukocyte antigen donor‐specific alloantibodies (DSAs) developing after liver transplantation (LT) remains controversial and not extensively studied.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Is Associated With Gut Microbiota Profile and Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Francesca Romana Ponziani, Sherrie Bhoori, Chiara Castelli, Lorenza Putignani, Licia Rivoltini, Federica Del Chierico, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Daniele Morelli, Francesco Paroni Sterbini, Valentina Petito, Sofia Reddel, Riccardo Calvani, Chiara Camisaschi, Anna Picca, Alessandra Tuccitto, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maurizio Pompili, Vincenzo Mazzaferro – 17 April 2018 – The gut–liver axis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is the third leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma‐Associated Protein TD26 Interacts and Enhances Sterol Regulatory Element‐Binding Protein 1 Activity to Promote Tumor Cell Proliferation and Growth

Chenchen Wang, Ying Tong, Yankai Wen, Jie Cai, Han Guo, Lifeng Huang, Min Xu, Mingxuan Feng, Xiaosong Chen, Jianjun Zhang, Hailong Wu, Xiaoni Kong, Qiang Xia – 16 April 2018 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Increased lipogenesis has been reported to play a critical role in HCC progression. However, the underlying mechanism contributing to lipogenesis increase in HCC remains elusive. Here, we show that HCC‐associated protein TD26 (TD26) was highly expressed in HCC tumor tissues compared to matched normal tissues.

Baseline urine metabolic phenotype in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis and its association with outcome

Jaswinder Singh Maras, Sukanta Das, Shvetank Sharma, Saggere M. Shasthry, Benoit Colsch, Christophe Junot, Richard Moreau, Shiv Kumar Sarin – 16 April 2018 – Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) has a high mortality rate, and corticosteroid therapy is effective in 60% patients. This study aimed to investigate a baseline metabolic phenotype that could help stratify patients not likely to respond to steroid therapy and to have an unfavorable outcome.

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