Animal models for alcoholic liver disease

Esteban Mezey – 1 June 1989 – The baboon is the only animal in which alcoholic fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver has been produced with a nutritionally adequate diet. Zinc deficiency is associated with alcoholic liver disease and may contribute to liver damage. We have therefore investigated whether zinc supplementation would reduce liver damage in ten baboons receiving ethanol and an adequate diet. Eight received ethanol at up to 25 g/kg/day (70% of calories) for up to 60 months (four were supplemented with 50 mg zinc/day).

Bile acid metabolism in human hyperthyroidism

Jürgen Pauletzki, Frans Stellaard, Gustav Paumgartner – 1 June 1989 – Decreased levels of serum cholesterol are a well‐recognized finding in hyperthyroidism. Since the conversion to bile acids is an important pathway for the elimination of cholesterol, we studied primary bile acid kinetics in seven hyperthyroid patients before and after medical treatment. Pool sizes, fractional turnover and synthesis rates of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid were determined after oral administration of 50 mg [13C]cholic acid and 50 mg [13C]chenodeoxycholic acid.

Localization of adrenergic and neuropeptide tyrosine‐containing nerves in the mammalian liver

Alastair D. Burt, Dina Tiniakos, Roderick N. M. MacSween, Maureen R. Griffiths, Eddie Wisse, Julia M. Polak – 1 June 1989 – The distribution of adrenergic nerves in guinea pig and rat liver was studied by the immunolocalization of fibers containing tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β‐hydroxylase, enzymes involved in the synthesis of catecholamines. In both species, adrenergic fibers were identified within portal tracts, often in close proximity hepatic artery branches.

Effect of vasodilators on hepatic microcirculation in cirrhosis: A study in the isolated perfused rat liver

Philippe Marteau, François Ballet, Olivier Chazouillères, Yves Chrétien, Colette Rey, Danielle Petit, Raoul Poupon – 1 June 1989 – We studied the effects of a series of vasodilators on intrahepatic vascular resistance of isolated perfused cirrhotic rat livers in basal conditions and during norepinephrine‐induced vasoconstriction. Cirrhosis was induced by repeated intraperitoneal injections of carbon tetrachloride.

Reduced binding and removal of chylomicron remnants by ethionine‐induced premalignant liver

Graham F. Barnard, Sandra K. Erickson, Yasuo Nagata, Allen D. Cooper – 1 May 1989 – The suppression of cholesterol synthesis by dietary cholesterol which occurs in the livers of normal animals is absent in hepatomas. This abnormality has been reported to occur in the livers of animals fed hepatocarcinogens, even before there is any histologic evidence of malignancy (premalignant liver).

Hepatitis B surface antigen binds to human serum albumin cross‐linked by transglutaminase

Swan N. Thung, De‐Fa Wang, Thomas M. Fasy, Andrew Hood, Michael A. Gerber – 1 May 1989 – It has been postulated that polymerized human serum albumin may play a role in the infection of hepatocytes by hepatitis B virus, because both the envelope of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) and hepatocytes exhibit binding activity for human serum albumin after cross‐linking by glutaraldehyde.

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