Hemodynamic study during transdermal application of nitroglycerin tape in patients with cirrhosis

Tadashi Iwao, Atsushi Toyonaga, Michihiro Sumino, Kohsuke Takagi, Kazunori Ohkubo, Rintaroh Inoue, Kyuichi Tanikawa – 1 January 1991 – We studied 14 patients with portal hypertension and cirrhosis using portal and hepatic vein catheterizations to determine the effects of transdermal application of nitroglycerin tape (containing 10 mg of nitroglycerin and capable of releasing 6 to 7 mg of nitroglycerin in 12 hr) on splanchnic hemodynamics. Patients randomly received nitroglycerin (n = 7) or a placebo (n = 7). No significant changes were observed after the administration of the placebo.

Role of Influenza B virus in hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial abnormalities in a mouse model of reye syndrome

Kathleen B. Schwarz, Saroj Larroya, Carole Vogler, C. Jeffrey Sippel, Sharon Homan, Ronald Cockrell, Irene Schulze – 1 January 1991 – The hepatic steatosis observed in the influenza B virus mouse model of Reye syndrome has been attributed to infectious virus or, alternately, to decreased food intake in the virus‐treated mice or impurities in the virus preparation.

Corticosteroids and alcoholic hepatitis

Timothy Hofer, Laurence McMahon – 1 January 1991 – The purpose of the study was to determine whether corticosteroids affect short‐term mortality from alcoholic hepatitis. A metanalysis was conducted using studies identified through a MEDLINE computer search from 1966 to 1989 and extensive manual searches of associated bibliographies. Eleven randomized studies that assessed mortality in hospitalized patients diagnosed with alcoholic hepatitis and treated with corticosteroids were evaluated. Overall, the protective efficacy of corticosteroids was 37% (95% confidence interval 20% to 50%).

Detection of hepatitis C viral RNA by the polymerase chain reaction

Michael Lucey, Peter G. Traber – 1 January 1991 – These studies used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in clinical samples collected from patients with chronic liver disease or from blood donors. The relative role of this assay compared with detection of HCV antibodies in serum was evaluated. Weiner and colleagues found that 9 of 15 patients with non‐A, non‐B (NANB) chronic hepatitis and the only patient with cryptogenic cirrhosis had persistent antibodies to a nonstructural protein of HCV (C100‐3).

Assay of hepatitis B virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction and its relationship to Pre‐S‐ and S‐encoded viral surface antigens

Guido Gerken, Patricia Paterlini, Michael Manns, Chantal Housset, Sylvie Terre, Hans‐Peter Dienes, Georg Hess, Wolfram H. Gerlich, Pierre Berthelot, Karl‐Hermann Meyer Zum Büschenfelde, Christian Brechot – 1 January 1991 – The polymerase chain reaction was evaluated as a diagnostic tool in 72 chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. Hepatitis B virus DNA was detectable in the serum of HBsAg—positive virus carriers using aliquots as small as 100 al. The detection limit for cloned hepatitis B virus DNA was 100 ag.

Separation of periportal and perivenous rat hepatocytes by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting: Confirmation with colloidal gold as an exogenous marker

Ineke Braakman, Jan Keij, Machiel J. Hardonk, Dirk K. F. Meijer, Geny M. M. Groothuis – 1 January 1991 – Periportal and perivenous hepatocytes are known to display various functional differences. In this study we present a new method to separate periportal and perivenous cells: after selectively loading zone 1 or zone 3 with the fluorescent label acridine orange in an antegrade or retrograde perfusion, respectively, we separated the isolated hepatocytes on a fluorescence‐activated cell sorter.

Hepatic histological findings after transplantation for chronic hepatitis B virus infection, including a unique pattern of fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis

Susan E. Davies, Bernard C. Portmann, John G. O′grady, Peter M. Aldis, Kanchan Chaggar, Graeme J. M. Alexander, Roger Williams – 1 January 1991 – Long‐term follow‐up of 27 patients with hepatitis B virus—related chronic liver disease treated by transplantation showed that 23 had hepatitis B virus recurrence. In 13 patients late changes in the grafts were similar to those described in other series: minor abnormalities in five cases, chronic active hepatitis in five cases and non‐hepatitis B virus—related graft dysfunction in three cases. Three patients had incomplete histological follow‐up.

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