Lillian G. Dawes, Robert V. Rege, Edward W. Moore, Shuji Shimizu, J. Donald Ostrow – 1 October 1991 – Previous studies have strongly suggested that human bile contains a substance(s) that interferes with the precipitation of calcium phosphate and carbonate from solution. These studies, however, did not distinguish between calcium binding by biliary constituents resulting in decreased calcium carbonate saturation (alterations in solution thermodynamics) and true inhibition of calcium salt precipitation by kinetic factors.

William N. Katkov – 1 October 1991

1 October 1991

Jennifer A. McDonald, Colin R. Dunstan, Pamela Dilworth, Kenneth Sherbon, A. G. Ross Sheil, Richard A. Evans, Geoffrey W. McCaughan – 1 October 1991 – We studied 35 adult patients (mean age = 43 yr) referred for orthotopic liver transplantation. Spinal bone mineral density was measured by quantitative computed tomography scanning before transplantation (n = 35) and at 3 mo (n = 21) and 12 mo (n = 11) after orthotopic liver transplantation. The readings were corrected to age 50 yr, using the regression equations derived from normal control subjects.

Antonio Francavilla, Thomas E. Starzl, Ken Porter, Carlo Scotti Foglieni, George K. Michalopoulos, Giuseppe Carrieri, Jose Trejo, Alessandro Azzarone, Michele Barone, Qi Hua Zeng – 1 October 1991 – Completely diverting portacaval shunt (Eck's fistula) in dogs causes hepatocyte atrophy, disruption of hepatocyte organelles, fatty infiltration and lowgrade hyperplasia. The effect of hepatic growth regulatory substances on these changes was assessed by constantly infusing test substances for four postoperative days after Eck's fistula into the detached left portal vein above the shunt.

Jack R. Wands, Hubert E. Blum – 1 October 1991

1 October 1991

J. Hilary Green, Peter N. Bramley, Monty S. Losowsky – 1 September 1991 – Wasting is common in end‐stage primary biliary cirrhosis and causes concern in patients facing liver transplantation. We have quantified resting metabolic rate and diet‐induced thermogenesis in seven patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, in seven patients after liver transplantation who had previously been diagnosed as having primary biliary cirrhosis and in seven controls.

Gary L. Davis – 1 September 1991

L. Siw Eriksson – 1 September 1991 – A 12‐year‐old boy with Wilson's disease developed exertional dyspnea, cyanosis, and finger clubbing 10 months after diagnosis. The hypoxemia was caused by arteriovenous shunting, demonstrated by radionuclide scanning and pulmonary arteriography. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed after the development of severe hypoxemia. There was no apparent reversal of the intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunting and he died 10 days posttransplantation of multiple organ failure secondary to hypoxemia.