Christopher P. Day, Rumaisa Bashir, Oliver F. W. James, Margaret F. Bassendine, David W. Crabb, Holly R. Thomasson, Ting‐Kai Li, Howard J. Edenberg – 1 November 1991 – Little is known about factors determining individual susceptibility to the physical complications of alcohol abuse but genetically determined differences in ethanol metabolism may be important. The oxidative metabolism of alcohol is catalyzed by alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase.

1 November 1991

1 October 1991

Jack R. Wands, Hubert E. Blum – 1 October 1991

Antonio Francavilla, Thomas E. Starzl, Ken Porter, Carlo Scotti Foglieni, George K. Michalopoulos, Giuseppe Carrieri, Jose Trejo, Alessandro Azzarone, Michele Barone, Qi Hua Zeng – 1 October 1991 – Completely diverting portacaval shunt (Eck's fistula) in dogs causes hepatocyte atrophy, disruption of hepatocyte organelles, fatty infiltration and lowgrade hyperplasia. The effect of hepatic growth regulatory substances on these changes was assessed by constantly infusing test substances for four postoperative days after Eck's fistula into the detached left portal vein above the shunt.

Jennifer A. McDonald, Colin R. Dunstan, Pamela Dilworth, Kenneth Sherbon, A. G. Ross Sheil, Richard A. Evans, Geoffrey W. McCaughan – 1 October 1991 – We studied 35 adult patients (mean age = 43 yr) referred for orthotopic liver transplantation. Spinal bone mineral density was measured by quantitative computed tomography scanning before transplantation (n = 35) and at 3 mo (n = 21) and 12 mo (n = 11) after orthotopic liver transplantation. The readings were corrected to age 50 yr, using the regression equations derived from normal control subjects.

1 October 1991

William N. Katkov – 1 October 1991

Lillian G. Dawes, Robert V. Rege, Edward W. Moore, Shuji Shimizu, J. Donald Ostrow – 1 October 1991 – Previous studies have strongly suggested that human bile contains a substance(s) that interferes with the precipitation of calcium phosphate and carbonate from solution. These studies, however, did not distinguish between calcium binding by biliary constituents resulting in decreased calcium carbonate saturation (alterations in solution thermodynamics) and true inhibition of calcium salt precipitation by kinetic factors.

Tsuneo Kitamura, Ulrike Brauneis, Zenaida Gatmaitan, Irwin M. Arias – 1 October 1991 – Bile‐canaliculus contraction in rat hepatocyte doublets is postulated to involve activation of an actinmyosin system. We examined this hypothesis by determining the relationship between canalicular contraction and cystolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) concentration after extracellular addition of ATP or microdialysis of myosin light chain kinase or its Ca2+‐independent fragment, which retains catalytic activity.