Significance and specificity of antibodies to neutrophils detected by western blotting for the serological diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis

Reinhild Klein, Joseph Eisenburg, Paul Weber, Frank Seibold, Peter A. Berg – 1 December 1991 – Antibodies against neutrophils have been detected in sera from patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel diseases either by immunofluorescence or by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.

Phenobarbital does not increase early labeling of bilirubin from 4‐[14C]‐δ‐aminolevulinic acid in man and rat

Hiroaki Okuda, Nicola Tavoloni, Terrence F. Blaschke, Chi‐Li Kiang, Mary Jane T. Jones, Jeanne G. Waggoner, Mohinder K. Sardana, Shigeru Sassa, Richard I. Shrager, Paul D. Berk – 1 December 1991 – δ‐Aminolevulinic acid‐4‐[14C] and [3H]‐bilirubin were administered intravenously to five patients with Gilbert's syndrome and four healthy control subjects on two occasions: before and on days 10 through 14 of a course of phenobarbital (2.5 mg/kg/day).

Enhanced biliary iron excretion with amphiphilic diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid

Paul C. Adams, Edward Lin, Kathryn R. Barber, Chris W. M. Grant – 1 December 1991 – The elimination of toxic metal ions metabolically accumulated by patients remains a difficult clinical problem and a target of drug development. DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) is a hydrophilic chelating agent with high affinity for divalent and trivalent metal ions including iron but with a limited ability to cross cell membranes for access to iron stores.

Kupffer cell–derived cytokines induce the synthesis of a leukocyte chemotactic peptide, interleukin‐8, in human hepatoma and primary hepatocyte cultures

Amanda J. Thornton, John Ham, Steven L. Kunkel – 1 December 1991 – Communication circuits operating between activated monocytes/macrophages and adjacent hepatocytes in the liver effect important alterations in hepatocyte function. We demonstrate here that primary human hepatocytes and hepatoma cells are able to function as effector cells in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in hepatic disease and inflammatory states by synthesizing a neutrophil/lymphocyte chemotactic factor, interleukin‐8.

In search of abnormal enzyme activities of hepatic cholesterol metabolism in patients with cholesterol gallstone disease

Attilio Rigotti, Flavio Nervi – 1 December 1991 – Hepatic cholesterol metabolism was examined in 27 Swedish patients with cholesterol gallstone disease and in 13 patients free of gallstones operated for roentgenographically suspect polyps in the gallbladder. All 40 patients underwent cholecystectomy, and a liver biopsy and gallbladder bile were obtained at surgery. The cholesterol saturation of gallbladder bile was significantly higher in patients with gallstones compared to the gallstone‐free controls (131 ± 13 vs. 75 ± 5%, P < 0.001).

Effect of parenteral amino acid supplementation on short‐term and long‐term outcomes in severe alcoholic hepatitis: A randomized controlled trial

Esteban Mezey, Joan Caballería, Mack C. Mitchell, Albert Parés, H. Franklin Herlong, Joan Rodés – 1 December 1991 – The effect of parenteral amino acid administration on nutritional state, liver function and mortality was assessed in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Twenty‐eight patients received 2 1/day of a solution of dextrose (65 gm/L) and amino acids (25.8 gm/L) for 1 mo, whereas 26 received only the dextrose solution. All patients were allowed to eat a standard hospital diet.

Effects of ritanserin, a selective and specific S2‐serotonergic antagonist, on portal pressure and splanchnic hemodynamics in portal hypertensive rats

Frederik Nevens, M. Pilar Pizcueta, Mercedes Fernández, Jaime Bosch, Joan Rodés – 1 December 1991 – Serotonergic mechanisms have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension; this suggests that blockade of serotonin S2 receptors may be a new approach for the pharmacological therapy of portal hypertension.

Serum levels of short‐chain fatty acids in cirrhosis and hepatic coma

Mette Rye Clausen, Per Brøbech Mortensen, Flemming Bendtsen – 1 December 1991 – Short‐chain fatty acids cause reversible coma in animals and may contribute to the pathogenesis of the hepatic coma in humans. The concentrations of short‐chain fatty acids in peripheral venous blood were significantly elevated in 15 patients with hepatic encephalopathy caused by cirrhosis (362 ± 83 μmol/L; mean ± S.E.M.) compared with 17 cirrhotic patients without encephalopathy (178 ± 57 μmol/L) and 11 normal individuals (60 ± 8 μmol/L).

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