Joan Clària, Wladimiro Jiménez, Josefa Ros, Mónica Asbert, Anna Castro, Vicente Arroyo, Francisca Rivera, Joan Rodés – 1 February 1992 – Nitric oxide is a vasodilator tonically secreted by endothelial cells that is involved in the regulation of arteriolar tone. This study, which includes two protocols, was performed to investigate whether nitric oxide plays a role in the pathogenesis of arterial hypotension in cirrhosis with ascites.

James H. Kelly, Tarek Koussayer, Da‐Er He, Maria G. Chong, Thomas A. Shang, Hartwell H. Whisennand, Norman L. Sussman – 1 February 1992 – We have established an improved model of fulminant hepatic failure in dogs. Buthionine sulfoximine is used to inactivate glutathione synthesis, and small increments of acetaminophen are given intravenously to maintain the plasma level at approximately 200 μg/ml for 20 hr. This regimen produces severe liver injury along with many of the features seen in humans with acetaminophen poisoning. The first sign of impending liver failure is hypoglycemia.

David E. Milov, Wou‐Seok Jou, Rachel B. Shireman, Paul W. Chun – 1 February 1992 – Bile salts are potent inhibitors of bovine carbonic anhydrase and human carbonic anhydrase I and human carbonic anhydrase II. To further characterize the binding of bile salts to carbonic anhydrase, rate constants for the CO2 hydration reaction in the presence of deoxycholate, cholate, glycocholate and taurocholate were determined using stop‐flow experments.

Sun‐Mee Lee, Mark G. Clemens – 1 February 1992 – This study was done to determine the relationship between microsomal lipid peroxidation during hepatic ischemia/reperfusion and alteration in cytochrome P‐450–dependent drug metabolism. Rats were pretreated with α‐tocopherol to inhibit lipid peroxidation or with vehicle (soybean oil) and then subjected to 60 min no‐flow hepatic ischemia in vivo. Control animals were time‐matched sham‐ischemic animals. After 1, 5 or 24 hr of reperfusion, liver microsomes were isolated and cytochrome P‐450 and mixed function oxidases were studied.

J. Michael Henderson, Gregory J. Mackay, Michael Hooks, Judith L. Chezmar, John R. Galloway, Thomas F. Dodson, Michael H. Kutner – 1 February 1992 – This study measured cardiac output before and 1 or 2 yr after orthotopic liver transplantation in 23 patients. Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution before transplantation and by first‐pass radionuclide angiocardiography at follow‐up.

Hiroaki Okamoto, Fumio Tsuda, Atsuhiko Machida, Eisuke Munekata, Yoshihiro Akahane, Yoshiki Sugai, Kazuo Mashiko, Takehiro Mitsui, Takeshi Tanaka, Yuzo Miyakawa, Makoto Mayumi – 1 February 1992 – Immunoassays were developed to detect antibodies against oligopeptides deduced from the putative core gene of hepatitis C virus, and their performances were compared with that of the commercial immunoassay for antibodies against the product of nonstructural regions of hepatitis C virus (anti‐C100‐3).

1 February 1992

Agata Budkowska, Pascal Dubreuil, Thierry Poynard, Patrick Marcellin, Marie‐Anne Loriot, Patrick Maillard, Jacques Pillot – 1 January 1992 – Serial sera were collected prospectively during the clinical course of 13 HBsAg carriers with chronic liver disease and analyzed for ALT levels, pre‐S1 and pre‐S2 antigens and corresponding antibodies and other serological hepatitis B virus markers.

Tomoaki Tomiya, Sumiko Nagoshi, Kenji Fujiwara – 1 January 1992 – Serum human hepatocyte growth factor levels were measured using a newly developed enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit in patients with liver diseases. Serum human hepatocyte growth factor levels were increased in correlation with derangements of prothrombin time, total bilirubin and other parameters reflecting hepatocellular dysfunction in 112 patients with chronic liver disease. The levels were positively correlated with serum AST and ALT levels in 59 of these patients whose prothrombin times were within the normal range.

M. Sawkat Anwer, James M. Atkinson – 1 January 1992 – The effect of Ca+ + mobilizing agonists arginine vasopressin and phenylephrine on Na+/H+ exchange was studied in freshly isolated hepatocytes and isolated perfused rat livers. The activity of Na+/H+ exchange was determined from the rate of H+ efflux, 22Na uptake and pHi recovery. Arginine vasopressin and phenylephrine stimulated H+ efflux and 22Na uptake in isolated rat hepatocytes and increased the rate of pHi recovery from acid‐loaded hepatocytes. These effects were inhibited by amiloride.