Chia‐Ming Chu, King‐Wah Chiu, Yun‐Fan Liaw – 1 May 1992 – The prevalence and prognostic significance of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis were prospectively studied in a series of 82 acute hepatitis patients decompensated with ascites. The in‐hospital prevalence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was 31.7% (26 of 82 patients). Twenty cases were culture positive, including one with multiple isolates, and six cases were culture negative. E.

Jean‐François Dufour, Christopher Stoupis, François Lazeyras, Peter Vock, François Terrier, Jürg Reichen – 1 May 1992 – Quantitative liver function tests are based on the clearance concept and measure the plasma disappearance of a test compound such as galactose. Metabolism is inferred to be predominantly hepatic, and usually no knowledge is obtained of the true time course of metabolite formation. Dynamic 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy after intravenous administration of fructose directly measures hepatic sugar metabolism.

Katriina Nikkilä, Krister Höckerstedt, Tatu A. Miettinen – 1 May 1992 – Serum noncholesterol sterols indicate overall cholesterol metabolism in a variety of experimental and clinical conditions. In patients with advanced primary biliary cirrhosis serum cholestanol, a 5ä‐derivative of cholesterol, is markedly increased, and cholesterol precursors, which are indicators of cholesterol synthesis, are clearly reduced, as is the ratio of plant sterols (campesterol/sitosterol).

Paul Martin – 1 May 1992 – Objective: To determine the epidemiologic, clinical, serologic, and histologic importance of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti‐HCV) in blood donors.

Hong‐Yuan Hsu, Mei‐Hwei Chang, Kue‐Hsiung Hsieh, Chin‐Yun Lee, Ho‐Hsiung Lin, Lih‐Hwa Hwang, Pei‐Jer Chen, Ding‐Shinn Chen – 1 May 1992 – Cellular immunity to HBcAg was studied in hepatitis B virus carrier children and neonates born to hepatitis B virus carrier mothers. A significant proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to HBcAg was found in 5 of 10 children with elevated ALT levels but in none of the nine HBeAg‐positive children with normal ALT levels.

Abraham P. Bautista, John J. Spitzer – 1 May 1992 – This study examines the generation of superoxide anion by the perfused rat liver after ethanol intoxication and acute endotoxemia to assess the potential importance of oxygen‐derived free radicals in the ethanol‐induced hepatic pathological condition. Hepatic superoxide anion production of 0.65 ± 0.06 nmol/min/gm liver weight was measured 1 hr after ethanol infusion; it reached a peak value of 0.8 ± 0.07 at 3 hr and was reduced to 0.11 ± 0.01 by 7 hr.

Russell H. Wiesner – 1 May 1992 – Background. In primary biliary cirrhosis the hepatic lesions may result, at least in part, from the intracellular accumulation of potentially toxic endogenous bile acids. Preliminary work suggests that the administration of ursodiol (also called ursodeoxycholic acid), a hydrophilic bile acid without hepatotoxicity, leads to improvement in the condition of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

K. Vincent Speeg, Alma L. Maldonado, Julie Liaci, Donna Muirhead – 1 May 1992 – The multidrug resistance transport protein is a normal constituent of the liver canalicular membrane, although its function has not been defined in vivo. Colchicine, a multidrug resistance substrate, is eliminated mainly by the liver. Cyclosporine reverses multidrug resistance in vitro, presumably by inhibiting the multidrug resistance transporter. This study assesses biliary colchicine elimination and the effect of cyclosporine on this process.

Lluis Viladomiu, Joan Genescà, Juan I. Esteban, Helena Allende, Antonio González, Juan Carlos López‐Talavera, Rafael Esteban, Jaime Guardia – 1 May 1992 – To assess the efficacy of interferon‐α in acute hepatitis C, 28 patients with acute posttransfusion hepatitis were randomized to receive 3 million units of recombinant interferon‐α three times weekly for 12 wk or no treatment. Biochemical, histological and serological parameters were monitored during 1 yr of follow‐up.

Kensaku Hata, David H. van Thiel, Ronald B. Herberman, Theresa L. Whiteside – 1 May 1992 – Liver‐derived lymphocytes were isolated from 73 liver biopsy specimens obtained from patients with chronic active liver disease and from six samples of normal liver. Mean absolute numbers (±S.E.M) of liver‐derived lymphocytes recovered from needle biopsy specimens by mild enzymatic digestion of the liver tissue varied from 0.7 ± 0.3 × 10/mm in allografts being rejected to 8.9 ± 0.9 × 10/mm in chronic non‐A, non‐B hepatitis.