Michael L. Schilsky – 1 August 1994 – Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper transport which maps to chromosome 13q14.3. In pursuit of the WD gene, we developed yeast artificial chromosome and cosmid contigs, and microsatellite markers which span the WD gene region. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis of 115 WD families confined the disease locus to a single marker interval. A candidate cDNA clone was mapped to this interval which, as shown in the accompanying paper, is very likely the WD gene.

1 August 1994

Silvano Raia, Luiz Caetano Da Silva, Luiz Carlos C. Gayotto, Sonia Coutinho Forster, Julia Fukushima, Edna Strauss – 1 August 1994 – The long‐term follow‐up of patients with the severe form of Manson's schistosomiasis who had had elective surgical treatment for portal hypertension, in a randomized trial, was clinically evaluated. Of 94 patients, proximal splenorenal shunting was performed in 32, esophagogastric devascularization with splenectomy in 32 and distal splenorenal shunting in 30.

Yasuhiro Nishizaki, Jonathan D. Kaunitz, Masaya Oda, Paul H. Guth – 1 August 1994 – Patients with cirrhosis have an increased incidence of gastric ulcers and erosions. We evaluated the effect of carbon tetrachloride—induced cirrhosis on rat gastric mucosal defense mechanisms using our recently developed in vivo fluorescence microscopy technique. Cirrhotic rats had increased portal vein pressure, increased serum aminotransferase concentrations and decreased serum albumin concentrations. We noted significantly more spontaneous gross gastric lesions in the cirrhotic rats.

1 August 1994

Cristiana Barbera, Flavia Bortolotti, Carlo Crivellaro, Alessandra Coscia, Lucia Zancan, Paolo Cadrobbi, Gabriella Nebbia, Maria Nazarena Pillan, Loredana Lepore, Teresa Parrella, Giuseppe Dastoli, Maurizia R. Brunetto, Ferruccio Bonino – 1 August 1994 – We conducted a prospective controlled study of the efficacy of recombinant interferon‐α2a in 77 children (44 boys, 33 girls, mean age 8 yr) with chronic hepatitis B. All patients had seropositive results for HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA; 52 had chronic persistent or nonspecific reactive hepatitis, and 25 had mild active hepatitis.

Paul Janowitz, Wolfgang Kratzer, Thomas Zemmler, Jürgen Tudyka, Johannes G. Wechsler – 1 August 1994 – Although the ultrasonic detection of gallbladder sludge is relatively frequent, its clinical importance remains unclear, partly because of the paucity of reliable investigations regarding its natural course in patients without stones. In a retrospective study we investigated the course and clinical significance of gallbladder sludge in patients without stones or other identified gallbladder abnormalities.

Keiji Matsushita, Seiji Kawasaki, Masatoshi Makuuchi – 1 August 1994 – To evaluate the relevance of the hypothesis that the arterial ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/β‐hydroxybutyrate) can reflect the liver mitochondrial redox potential, we investigated the influence of ketone body metabolism in peripheral tissues on the arterial ketone body ratio during conditions in which no ketone body was available to the systemic circulation: during total clamping of the hepatoduodenal ligament in 37 patients undergoing partial hepatectomy and during the anhepatic phase in 14 liver transplant recipients

Tsutomu Masaki, Masaaki Tokuda, Takashi Fujimura, Makoto Ohnishi, Yuji Tai, Kazuhiro Miyamoto, Toshifumi Itano, Hideki Matsui, Seishiro Watanabe, Ken‐Ichi Sogawa, Takahisa Yamada, Ryoji Konishi, Mikio Nishioka, Osamu Hatase – 1 August 1994 – Annexin is the name of a new family of Ca2+‐dependent membrane‐binding proteins. Eleven types of its related proteins have been reported to date. Among those, annexin I and annexin II have been reported to possess many biological functions in vitro. Its actual role in vivo, however, is yet unknown.

Ryohei Izumi, Kouichi Shimizu, Takayoshi Iyobe, Tohru Ii, Masao Yagi, Osamu Matsui, Akitaka Nonomura, Itsuo Miyazaki – 1 August 1994 – Vascular invasion and intrahepatic metastasis by hepatocellular carcinoma are important factors predisposing to tumor recurrence. Recurrences of this malignancy occur frequently in residual liver, and its prevention is one of the most important factors in obtaining better surgical survival.