Wilfred Druml, Wolfgang Hübl, Erich Roth, Herbert Lochs – 1 April 1995 – The impact of hepatic dysfunction on the elimination and hydrolysis of three potential tyrosine sources for total parenteral nutrition, the dipeptides L‐alanyl‐L‐tyrosine (Ala‐Tyr) and glycyl‐L‐tyrosine (Gly‐Tyr), and N‐acetyl‐L‐tyrosine (Nac‐Tyr) were evaluated in six patients with hepatic failure (five chronic, one acute) and seven healthy subjects. In controls, whole‐body clearance (Cltot) of Ala‐Tyr was higher than of Gly‐Tyr (3,169 ± 214 vs.

Eisuke Kawamura, Naoki Yamanaka, Eizo Okamoto, Fumihito Tomoda, Kazutaka Furukawa – 1 April 1995 – This study was designed to investigate the changes in plasma and tissue endothelin‐1/endothelin‐2 (ET) after liver ischemia and to assess the protective effect of anti‐ET 1/ET 2 monoclonal antibody (ET antibody) against ischemia‐reperfusion injury. The ET levels in the liver tissue, hepatic venous blood of the ischemic and non‐ischemic sides, and in the portal venous blood were measured before and after partial liver ischemia for 1 hour in the adult dog.

Henkjan J. Verkade, Roel J. Vonk, Folkert Kuipers – 1 April 1995

Harold O. Conn – 1 April 1995

Erwin Regoeczi, Paul A. Chindemi – 1 April 1995 – Five different forms of transferrin (rat apo [iron‐free], rat diferric, diferric rat asialo, human diferric, and diferric human asialotransferrin type 3) were used to monitor the passage of this protein and its metal to the bile. Cumulative biliary excretion of the dose over 3 hours was determined. In addition, an excretion profile was constructed from the concentration of tracer in bile samples collected over 10‐minute intervals.

Koichi Kozaki, Hiroto Egawa, Luiz Bermudez, Emmet B. Keefe, Samuel K. So, Carlos O. Esquivel – 1 April 1995 – Previous research with pentoxifylline (PTX), a methylxanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitor, suggests that this drug may be capable of suppressing the activation of Kupffer cells and thereby help decrease liver injury after transplantation. To investigate this possibility, the current study sought to determine whether the release of O2− and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) from Kupffer cells in donor livers can be suppressed if the organs are exposed to PTX before preservation.

Monique E. De Paepe, Bart Keymeulen, Daniel Pipeleers, Günter Klöppel – 1 April 1995 – The liver offers an adequate site for the metabolic function of pancreatic islet implants. Little is known about the effects of the islet grafts on the host organ. This study examines liver tissue of normal or streptozotocin (STZ)‐diabetic rats at different intervals following intraportal injection of syngeneic islets. Implantation of 800‐islet—grafts, containing 0.9 million beta cells, normalized overt diabetes within 14 days.

Ke‐Qin Hu, Chang‐Hong Yu, Sunny Lee, Federico G. Villamil, John M. Vierling – 1 April 1995 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is widely used for diagnosis of HCV infection and evaluation of therapy. The sensitive hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA PCR is often reserved for detection of quantities of HBV DNA that are insufficient for hybridization. Application of both PCR techniques is limited by their labor‐intensity, potential for contamination, and substantial time required for analysis.

Sun‐Lung Tsai, Yun‐Fan Liaw, Chau‐Ting Yeh, Chia‐Ming Chu, George C. Kuo – 1 April 1995 – Several lines of evidence have suggested that immune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)— and hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐related hepatitis. Study of patients with dual HBV and HCV infection raises the question of which is etiologically more relevant in determining the liver cell damage.

James A. Underhill, Peter T. Donaldson, Derek G. Doherty, Koji Manabe, Roger Williams – 1 April 1995 – In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the link between susceptibility to autoimmune liver disease and genes of the HLA system, although the role of the DPB1 locus in British patients has only been investigated in autoimmune hepatitis.