Increase of deoxycholate in supersaturated bile of patients with cholesterol gallstone disease and its correlation with de novo syntheses of cholesterol and bile acids in liver, gallbladder emptying, and small intestinal transit

Junichi Shoda, Bing‐Fang He, Naomi Tanaka, Yasushi Matsuzaki, Toshiaki Osuga, Shunji Yamamori, Hiroshi Miyazaki, Jan Sjövall – 1 May 1995 – A total of 100 nonobese and normolipidemic subjects (29 control subjects, 49 patients with cholesterol stones [CSs], and 22 patients with brown pigment stones) were studied to elucidate the pathogenetic contributions of deoxycholate (DC) to supersaturated bile formation with special reference to de novo syntheses of cholesterol and bile acids in the liver.

Hormone‐induced bile flow and hepatobiliary calcium fluxes are attenuated in the perfused liver of rats made cholestatic with ethynylestradiol in vivo and with phalloidin in vitro

Yuhki Hamada, Ari Karjalainen, Fyfe L. Bygravec – 1 May 1995 – The actions of vasopressin and glucagon, administered alone or together, were assessed on bile flow in perfused livers from rats made cholestatic by the injection of ethynylestradiol and from those allowed to recover from such treatment. Concomitant measurements were made of biliary calcium output as well as changes in the perfusate Ca2+ concentration, glucose output, and oxygen uptake. Experiments were also conducted where cholestasis was induced in vitro in the perfused liver by the infusion of phalloidin.

Malignant Vascular Tumors of the Liver Presenting as Liver Failure and Portal Hypertension

Sergio Rojter, Federico G. Villamil, Lidija M. Petrovic, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Graham M. Woolf, Luis G. Podesta, Leonard Makowka, John M. Vierling – 1 May 1995 – We describe three patients referred for orthotopic liver transplantation with liver failure and portal hypertension who were found to have malignant vascular tumors: two patients with angiosarcoma and one patient with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Their clinical presentation mimicked decompensated chronic liver disease. None had tumor masses on computed tomography and ultrasonography.

Bacterial and fungal infections after liver transplantation: An analysis of 284 patients

Jim J. Wade, Nancy Rolando, Karen Hayllar, John Philpott‐Howard, Mark W. Casewell, Roger Williams – 1 May 1995 – A prospective study of bacterial and fungal infections after liver transplantation in 284 adults was undertaken. One hundred seventy‐five (62%) became infected; bacterial or fungal infections occurred in 159 (56%) and 36 (13%) patients, respectively. Gram‐positive cocci, in particular Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium, were the commonest bacterial pathogens, and bacteremia and wound infection were the most frequent bacterial infections.

Regression of bile duct damage and bile duct proliferation in the non‐rearterialized transplanted rat liver is associated with spontaneous graft rearterialization

Delai Zhao, Arthur Zimmermann, Larisa V. Kuznetsova, Anthony M. WheatleyD – 1 May 1995 – The aim of this study was to investigate the long‐term consequences of non‐rearterialization of the graft in rat liver transplantation. Liver transplantation with (AOLT) and without graft rearterialization (NOLT) was performed in anesthetized male Lewis rats. Quantitative morphometry and semiquantitative histopathology of the liver were performed at various times after operation. Volume fractions of tissue components were determined.

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