LiverLearning®: 2018 Webinar: HBV - Update on the Guidelines and Controversies in Management

This webinar focuses on reviewing the highlights of the revised AASLD Clinical Practice Guidelines for HBV infection in the first talk.  The second presentation addresses a key area of controversy, namely the role of antiviral therapy in patients during the immunotolerant phase of chronic HBV infection.Naga P. Chalasani (Moderator) Naga P. Chalasani, MD, FAASLD currently serves as David W. Crabb Professor of Medicine and Interim Chair of the Department of Medicine at Indiana University School of Medicine.

Overproduction of Tenascin‐C Driven by Lipid Accumulation in the Liver Aggravates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Steatotic Mice

Hiroyuki Kato, Sergio Duarte, Mary G. Miller, Ronald W. Busuttil, Ana J. Coito – 24 October 2018 – The purpose of this study was to assess the significance of tenascin‐C (Tnc) expression in steatotic liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). The critical shortage in donor organs has led to the use of steatotic livers in transplantation regardless of their elevated susceptibility to hepatic IRI. Tnc is an endogenous danger signal extracellular matrix molecule involved in various aspects of immunity and tissue injury.

Improving Hepatocyte Engraftment Following Hepatocyte Transplantation Using Repeated Reversible Portal Vein Embolization in Rats

Martin Gaillard, Hadrien Tranchart, Panagiotis Lainas, Olivier Trassard, Séverine Remy, Anne Dubart‐Kupperschmitt, Ibrahim Dagher – 24 October 2018 – Hepatocyte transplantation (HT) has emerged as a promising alternative to orthotopic liver transplantation, yet liver preconditioning is needed to promote hepatocyte engraftment. A method of temporary occlusion of the portal flow called reversible portal vein embolization (RPVE) has been demonstrated to be an efficient method of liver preconditioning.

Glypican‐3‐Specific Antibody Drug Conjugates Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Ying Fu, Daniel J. Urban, Roger R. Nani, Yi‐Fan Zhang, Nan Li, Haiying Fu, Hamzah Shah, Alexander P. Gorka, Rajarshi Guha, Lu Chen, Matthew D. Hall, Martin J. Schnermann, Mitchell Ho – 24 October 2018 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer‐related death in the world. Therapeutic outcomes of HCC remain unsatisfactory, and novel treatments are urgently needed.

Calnexin Depletion by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress During Cholestasis Inhibits the Na+‐Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide

Marion J.D. Robin, Monique D. Appelman, Harmjan R. Vos, Robert M. van Es, James C. Paton, Adrienne W. Paton, Boudewijn Burgering, Peter Fickert, Jarom Heijmans, Stan F.J. van de Graaf – 23 October 2018 – Cholestasis‐induced accumulation of bile acids in the liver leads to farnesoid X receptor (FXR)‐mediated transcriptional down‐regulation of the bile acid importer Na+‐taurocholate cotransporting protein (NTCP) and to induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, whether ER stress affects bile acid uptake is largely unknown.

Regulatory T Cells Restrict Permeability to Bacterial Antigen Translocation and Preserve Short‐Chain Fatty Acids in Experimental Cirrhosis

Oriol Juanola, Paula Piñero, Isabel Gómez‐Hurtado, Esther Caparrós, Rocío García‐Villalba, Alicia Marín, Pedro Zapater, Fabián Tarín, José M. González‐Navajas, Francisco A. Tomás‐Barberán, Rubén Francés – 22 October 2018 – Intestinal permeability to translocation of bacterial products is increased in cirrhosis. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) remain central to the interplay between the host and microbial milieu. We propose that Tregs are involved in promoting gut barrier integrity and a balanced interaction with gut microbiota–derived short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

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