Neurological Complications Occurring After Liver Transplantation: Role of Risk Factors, Hepatic Encephalopathy, and Acute (on Chronic) Brain Injury

Nicolas Weiss, Dominique Thabut – 29 January 2019 – Orthotopic liver transplantation (LT) remains the only way to definitively cure patients with the most severe liver diseases. Because the survival rate is now fairly high, important questions about neurological sequelae or quality of life after LT have emerged. Indeed, LT represents a peculiar situation because up to 30% of patients present with neurological symptoms after LT compared with only 4% after cardiac transplant and 0.5% after renal transplant.

An Efficient Combination Immunotherapy for Primary Liver Cancer by Harmonized Activation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Mice

Liang Wen, Bing Xin, Panyisha Wu, Chia‐Hao Lin, Chuanhui Peng, Gaowei Wang, Jin Lee, Li‐Fan Lu, Gen‐Sheng Feng – 28 January 2019 – Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors for liver cancer, while active in many clinical trials worldwide, may have uncertain outcomes due to the unique immunotolerant microenvironment of the liver. In previous experiments, we unexpectedly identified a robust liver tumor‐preventive effect of a synthetic double‐stranded RNA, polyinosinic‐polycytidylic acid (polyIC), in mice.

JNJ‐4178 (AL‐335, Odalasvir, and Simeprevir) for 6 or 8 Weeks in Hepatitis C Virus‐Infected Patients Without Cirrhosis: OMEGA‐1

Stefan Zeuzem, Stefan Bourgeois, Susan Greenbloom, Maria Buti, Alessio Aghemo, Pietro Lampertico, Ewa Janczewska, Seng Gee Lim, Christophe Moreno, Peter Buggisch, Edward Tam, Chris Corbett, Wouter Willems, Leen Vijgen, Bart Fevery, Sivi Ouwerkerk‐Mahadevan, Oliver Ackaert, Maria Beumont, Ronald Kalmeijer, Rekha Sinha, Michael Biermer, on behalf of the OMEGA‐1 study team – 28 January 2019 – The combination of three direct‐acting antiviral agents (AL‐335, odalasvir, and simeprevir: JNJ‐4178 regimen) for 6 or 8 weeks demonstrated good efficacy and safety in a phase IIa study in chronic hepatit

The BRUCE‐ATR Signaling Axis Is Required for Accurate DNA Replication and Suppression of Liver Cancer Development

Chunmin Ge, Chrystelle L. Vilfranc, Lixiao Che, Raj K. Pandita, Shashank Hambarde, Paul R. Andreassen, Liang Niu, Olugbenga Olowokure, Shimul Shah, Susan E. Waltz, Lee Zou, Jiang Wang, Tej K. Pandita, Chunying Du – 28 January 2019 – Replication fork stability during DNA replication is vital for maintenance of genomic stability and suppression of cancer development in mammals. ATR (ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated [ATM] and RAD3‐related) is a master regulatory kinase that activates the replication stress response to overcome replication barriers.

Marijuana Consumption in Liver Transplant Recipients

Pablo Serrano Rodriguez, Paula Diane Strassle, Alfred Sidney Barritt, Randall Watkins, David A. Gerber, Paul Hideyo Hayashi, Chirag Sureshchandra Desai – 28 January 2019 – Marijuana is legalized for either medical or recreational use in over half of the states in the United States and in Canada, but many transplant centers will not list patients who are using marijuana. However, the effect of marijuana on transplant outcomes remains unclear. Thus, we performed a retrospective analysis of all adult (≥18 years old) liver transplant patients treated at our center between 2007 and 2017.

Burden of Primary Biliary Cholangitis Among Inpatient Population in the United States

Omer Shahab, Mehmet Sayiner, James Paik, Sean Felix, Pegah Golabi, Zobair M. Younossi – 28 January 2019 – Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. Our aim was to assess the recent trends in the mortality rates and health care utilization of patients with PBC seen in the inpatient setting in the United States. We used the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample data (2005‐2014). The study population included adults with PBC, using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes.

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