Yvon Calmus, Jerome Guechot, Philippe Podevin, Marie‐Therese Bonnefis, Jacqueline Giboudeau, Raoul Poupon – 1 September 1992 – Cell‐mediated immunity and macrophage activity, especially that of Kupffer cells, are impaired during cholestasis. Some evidence exists that bile acids play a role in these immune defects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of individual bile acids on immunity and to determine whether monocytes could be a target.

Peter W. J. Kowalski‐Saunders, Paul J. Winwood, Michael J. P. Arthur, Ralph Wright – 1 September 1992 – Decreased albumin synthesis by hepatocytes in liver injury is thought to occur in response to Kupffer cell–derived acute‐phase cytokines. In this study we used hepatocytes maintained in a differentiated phenotype, by culture on a laminin‐rich gel substratum (Engelbreth‐Holm‐Swarm matrix), to investigate the effects of Kupffer cell–conditioned medium and purified cytokines (interleukin‐1, interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor–a) on albumin synthesis.

Oliviero Riggio, Manuela Merli, Livio Capocaccia, Massimo Caschera, Angelo Zullo, Giorgio Pinto, Eugenio Gaudio, Antonio Franchitto, Roberta Spagnoli, Elvira D'aquilino, Siro Seri, Renzo Moretti, Alfredo Cantafora – 1 September 1992 – Zinc deficiency is common in cirrhosis and may be involved in the alteration of ammonia metabolism. Rats with carbon tetrachloride–induced cirrhosis have high plasma ammonia and low serum and tissue zinc levels.

David H. Adams, Elizabeth Mainolfi, Patrizia Burra, James M. Neuberger, Reuben Ayres, Elwyn Elias, Robert Rothlein – 1 September 1992 – The leucocyte adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule–1 is induced on bile ducts in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis and may be involved in targeting immune damage to these structures. It has recently been reported that, when activated, in vitro lymphocytes release a soluble form of intercellular adhesion molecule–1 that can also be detected in human serum.

Stefan Schwögler, Margarete Odenthal, Thomas Knittel, Karl‐Hermann Meyer zum Büschenfelde, Giuliano Ramadori – 1 September 1992 – During liver fibrogenesis, fat‐storing cells transform into myofibroblast‐like cells and produce increasing amounts of extracellular matrix proteins. Because fat‐storing cells produce α2‐macroglobulin, an important serine protease inhibitor (serpin), we investigated whether fat‐storing cells also synthesize C1‐esterase inhibitor, another important serpin.

Keith S. Henley, Michael R. Lucey, Henry D. Appelman, Prabhakar Baliga, Kimberly A. Brown, Gordon D. Burtch, Darrell A. Campbell, John M. Ham, Robert M. Merion, Jeremiah G. Turcotte – 1 September 1992 – It is not known whether the histopathology of the liver allograft can be predicted from biochemical measurements in serum with the same confidence as in the native liver.

Seon‐Kyeong Kim, Folkert O. Belzer, James H. Southard – 1 September 1992 – Preservation of the liver involves a period of cold (0° to 4°C) ischemia; the longer the ischemic period, the greater the injury to the liver. The mechanisms for cold‐induced ischemic injury are not known, but it is clear that after preservation the liver has a reduced capacity to regenerate high‐energy phosphate compounds (ATP). One cause for the delayed rate of ATP synthesis could be injury to the mitochondria.

Stefan Post, Alberto P. Gonzalez, Pablo Palma, Markus Rentsch, Adolf Stiehl, Michael D. Menger – 1 September 1992 – Phagocytic activity of sinusoidal lining cells was studied in 32 livers of male Lewis rats by in vivo fluorescence microscopy with epiillumination. Normal livers (group 1, n = 8) were compared with orthotopic syngeneic liver grafts 90 min after reperfusion after a period of cold storage in University of Wisconsin solution for 17 hr (group 2, n = 10) or 24 hr (group 3. n = 14).

Tohru Utsunomiya, Takashi Matsumata, Eisuke Adachi, Hiroshi Honda, Keizo Sugimachi – 1 September 1992 – To determine the limitations of the latest techniques in preoperative liver imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma, 20 patients with histologically proven intrahepatic metastatic tumors were studied. In 32 masses, we were able to assess the relationship between these intrahepatic metastatic tumors and the findings of preoperative imaging individually. Six intrahepatic metastatic tumors not exceeding 5 mm in diameter were missed in all the imaging examinations.

Fuyo Yoshimi, Takeshi Nagao, Sumio Inoue, Nobuhiro Kawano, Tetsuichiro Muto, Toshiaki Gunji, Shin Ohnishi, Michio Imawari – 1 September 1992 – Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is now widely used in cases of surgically unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it is unclear whether patients with surgically resectable hepatocellular carcinoma should always be treated with hepatectomy as opposed to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.