Ronald J. Sokol, Michael Devereaux, Rhashmi Khandwala, Kevin O'Brien – 1 May 1993 – The mechanisms by which hydrophobic bile acids are toxic to the liver are unknown. To determine whether the generation of free radicals is involved in the hepatotoxicity of bile acids, freshly isolated rat hepatocytes were incubated with individual bile acids (100 to 200 μmol/L) for 4 hr. Hepatocyte viability (trypan blue exclusion) declined to 40% to 50% in incubations with taurochenodeoxycholic acid and taurolithocholic acid, whereas taurocholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid were not toxic.

Takashi Mori, Takeshi Okanoue, Yoshihiko Sawa, Naoki Hori, Masaharu Ohta, Keizo Kagawa – 1 May 1993 – We characterized the structural and immunohistological changes of sinusoidal endothelial cells that occur during cirrhosis in rats made cirrhotic with thioacetamide. Thioacetamide (200 mg/kg body wt) was injected intraperitoneally three times a week into male Wistar rats.

Rachel Levy, Francisc Schlaeffer, Arie Keynan, Ofra Nagauker, Arie Yaari, Emanuel Sikuler – 1 May 1993 – Neutrophil function was studied in rats with common bile duct ligation. Superoxide production stimulated by phorhol myristate acetate, opsonized zymosan or formyl‐methionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine; phagocytosis; and chemotaxis were significantly greater in neutrophils from rats with common bile duct ligation than in sham‐operated control rats. Enhanced neutrophil activity was observed within 12 hr of bile duct ligation; it remained increased during the 15‐day study.

Batia Weisselberg, Richard J. Grand – 1 May 1993

Charles S. Davidson – 1 May 1993

Raymond S. Koff – 1 May 1993

Toshiji Saibara, Takashi Maeda, Masako Miyazaki, Saburo Onishi, Yasutake Yamamoto – 1 May 1993 – We have previously reported depressed γ‐interferon production and depressed lymphokine‐activated killer and natural killer activity in patients with relatively large hepatocellular carcinomas. These parameters were normal in cirrhosis.

Sanjeev Ratna, Masato Chiba, Lopamudra Bandyopadhyay, K. Sandy Pang – 1 May 1993 – Futile cycling between 4‐methylumbelliferone and its sulfate and glucuronide conjugates was examined in the single‐pass perfused rat liver preparation.

Chin Hak Chun – 1 May 1993

Dieter Schrenk, Timothy W. Gant, Karl‐Heinz Preisegger, Jeffrey A. Silverman, Pamela A. Marino, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson – 1 May 1993 – P‐glycoprotein, an energy‐dependent plasma membrane drug‐efflux pump capable of reducing the intracellular concentration of a variety of hydrophobic xenobiotics, is encoded by mdr 1, a member of the multidrug‐resistant (mdr) gene family. The physiological function of this protein is unknown.