Activin A is a prominent autocrine regulator of hepatocyte growth arrest

Srividyameena Haridoss, Mladen I. Yovchev, Hannah Schweizer, Sabreen Megherhi, Maria Beecher, Joseph Locker, Michael Oertel – 3 November 2017 – Activin A, a multifunctional cytokine, plays an important role in hepatocyte growth suppression and is involved in liver size control. The present study was aimed to determine the cell location of activin A in the normal rat liver microenvironment and the contribution of activin A signaling to the hepatocyte phenotype to obtain insight into molecular mechanisms.

B lymphocytes limit senescence‐driven fibrosis resolution and favor hepatocarcinogenesis in mouse liver injury

Francesca Faggioli, Eleonora Palagano, Luca Di Tommaso, Matteo Donadon, Veronica Marrella, Camilla Recordati, Stefano Mantero, Anna Villa, Paolo Vezzoni, Barbara Cassani – 3 November 2017 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent neoplasia and a leading cause of inflammation‐related cancer mortality. Despite that most HCCs arise from persistent inflammatory conditions, pathways linking chronic inflammation to cancer development are still incompletely elucidated.

Exenatide induces carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecule 1 expression to prevent hepatic steatosis

Hilda E. Ghadieh, Harrison T. Muturi, Lucia Russo, Christopher C. Marino, Simona S. Ghanem, Saja S. Khuder, Julie C. Hanna, Sukanta Jash, Vishwajeet Puri, Garrett Heinrich, Cara Gatto‐Weis, Kevin Y. Lee, Sonia M. Najjar – 2 November 2017 – Exenatide, a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, induces insulin secretion. Its role in insulin clearance has not been adequately examined. Carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) promotes hepatic insulin clearance to maintain insulin sensitivity.

MicroRNA‐21 and Dicer are dispensable for hepatic stellate cell activation and the development of liver fibrosis

Jorge Matias Caviglia, Jun Yan, Myoung‐Kuk Jang, Geum‐Youn Gwak, Silvia Affo, Lexing Yu, Peter Olinga, Richard A. Friedman, Xin Chen, Robert F. Schwabe – 1 November 2017 – Fibrosis and cancer represent two major complications of chronic liver disease. MicroRNAs have been implicated in the development of fibrosis and cancer, thus constituting potential therapeutic targets.

Zebrafish abcb11b mutant reveals strategies to restore bile excretion impaired by bile salt export pump deficiency

Jillian L. Ellis, Kevin E. Bove, Erin G. Schuetz, Daniel Leino, C. Alexander Valencia, John D. Schuetz, Alexander Miethke, Chunyue Yin – 1 November 2017 – Bile salt export pump (BSEP) adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette B11 (ABCB11) is a liver‐specific ABC transporter that mediates canalicular bile salt excretion from hepatocytes. Human mutations in ABCB11 cause progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2.

Hepatic leukocyte immunoglobulin‐like receptor B4 (LILRB4) attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via SHP1‐TRAF6 pathway

Yao Lu, Zhou Jiang, Haijiang Dai, Rujia Miao, Jingxian Shu, Haotian Gu, Xing Liu, Zhijun Huang, Guoping Yang, Alex F. Chen, Hong Yuan, Ying Li, Jingjing Cai – 1 November 2017 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly prevalent liver pathology characterized by hepatic steatosis and commonly accompanied by systematic inflammation and metabolic disorder. Despite an accumulating number of studies, no pharmacological strategy is available to treat this condition in the clinic.

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