Placebo‐Controlled Randomized Trial of an Intestinal Bile Salt Transport Inhibitor for Pruritus in Alagille Syndrome

Benjamin L. Shneider, Cathie Spino, Binita M. Kamath, John C. Magee, Lee M. Bass, Kenneth D. Setchell, Alexander Miethke, Jean P. Molleston, Cara L. Mack, Robert H. Squires, Karen F. Murray, Kathleen M. Loomes, Philip Rosenthal, Saul J. Karpen, Daniel H. Leung, Stephen L. Guthery, Danny Thomas, Averell H. Sherker, Ronald J. Sokol, for the Childhood Liver Disease Research Network – 24 September 2018 – Medically refractory, severe, cholestasis‐induced pruritus in Alagille syndrome may be improved by surgical interruption of the enterohepatic circulation.

Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Treatment With Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir

Patrick R. Brown, Omar Sadiq, Alexander Weick, Adrienne Lenhart, Mohammad Elbatta, Christopher Fernandez, Anas Kutait, Robert Pompa, Syed‐Mohammed Jafri – 24 September 2018 – Ledipasvir‐sofosbuvir, a once‐a‐day, oral combination pill, was approved in 2014 for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection. Initial trials did not comment on nephrotoxicity; however, recent data suggest a risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) with the use of the medication. We assessed the rates of AKI in patients undergoing ledipasvir‐sofosbuvir in a large, urban tertiary care center.

H19 Is Expressed in Hybrid Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α+ Periportal Hepatocytes but Not Cytokeratin 19+ Cholangiocytes in Cholestatic Livers

YanChao Jiang, Yi Huang, ShiYing Cai, YongFeng Song, James L. Boyer, KeZhong Zhang, Ling Gao, JiaJun Zhao, WenDong Huang, Guang Liang, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Li Wang – 24 September 2018 – Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is abundantly expressed in fetal liver. Its expression is significantly diminished in adult healthy liver but is re‐induced in chronic liver diseases, including cholestasis.

The Polyploid State Restricts Hepatocyte Proliferation and Liver Regeneration in Mice

Patrick D. Wilkinson, Evan R. Delgado, Frances Alencastro, Madeleine P. Leek, Nairita Roy, Matthew P. Weirich, Elizabeth C. Stahl, P. Anthony Otero, Maelee I. Chen, Whitney K. Brown, Andrew W. Duncan – 23 September 2018 – The liver contains a mixture of hepatocytes with diploid or polyploid (tetraploid, octaploid, etc.) nuclear content. Polyploid hepatocytes are commonly found in adult mammals, representing ~90% of the entire hepatic pool in rodents.

Prevalence of Undetectable Vaccine‐Induced Immunity Against Hepatitis B Virus in US Adults at High Risk for Infection

Yee Hui Yeo, Michael H. Le, Ellen T. Chang, Linda Henry, Mindie H. Nguyen – 23 September 2018 – In 2015, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported a substantial increase in the number of acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in the United States. Although national guidelines recommend vaccination of adults at high risk for HBV infection, the prevalence of undetectable immunity (i.e., susceptibility) in this population remains unknown.

The Role of Liver Transplantation in Propionic Acidemia

Jesús Quintero, Cristina Molera, Javier Juamperez, Susanna Redecillas, Silvia Meavilla, Raquel Nuñez, Camila García, Mireia del Toro, Ángels Garcia, Juan Ortega, Óscar Segarra, Javier Martin de Carpi, Itxarone Bilbao, Ramon Charco – 22 September 2018 – Despite optimal medical treatment and strict low‐protein diet, the prognosis of propionic acidemia (PA) patients is generally poor. We aim to report our experience with liver transplantation (LT) in the management of PA patients. Six patients with PA received a LT at a mean age of 5.2 years (1.3‐7.5 years).

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