Farnesoid X receptor signaling activates the hepatic X‐box binding protein 1 pathway in vitro and in mice

Xiaoying Liu, Grace L. Guo, Bo Kong, David B. Hilburn, Susan C. Hubchak, Seong Park, Brian LeCuyer, Antony Hsieh, Li Wang, Deyu Fang, Richard M. Green – 29 January 2018 – Bile acids are endogenous ligands of the nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and pharmacological FXR modulators are under development for the treatment of several liver disorders. The inositol‐requiring enzyme 1α/X‐box binding protein 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) pathway of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is a protective cellular signaling pathway activated in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.

Direct‐acting antiviral sustained virologic response: Impact on mortality in patients without advanced liver disease

Lisa I. Backus, Pamela S. Belperio, Troy A. Shahoumian, Larry A. Mole – 29 January 2018 – The impact of sustained virologic response (SVR) on mortality after direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) treatment is not well documented in patients without advanced liver disease and affects access to treatment. This study evaluated the impact of SVR achieved with interferon‐free DAA treatment on all‐cause mortality in hepatitis C virus–infected patients without advanced liver disease.

Liver atrophy and regeneration in noncirrhotic portal vein thrombosis: Effect of surgical shunts

Abdulrhman S. Elnaggar, Adam D. Griesemer, Stuart Bentley‐Hibbert, Robert S. Brown, Mercedes Martinez, Steven J. Lobritto, Tomoaki Kato, Jean C. Emond – 29 January 2018 – The goal of the study is to characterize the relationship between portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and hepatic atrophy in patients without cirrhosis and the effect of various types of surgical shunts on liver regeneration and splenomegaly. Patients without cirrhosis with PVT suffer from presinusoidal portal hypertension, and often hepatic atrophy is a topic that has received little attention.

All‐oral direct‐acting antiviral therapy against hepatitis C virus (HCV) in human immunodeficiency virus/HCV–coinfected subjects in real‐world practice: Madrid coinfection registry findings

Juan Berenguer, Ángela Gil‐Martin, Inmaculada Jarrin, Ana Moreno, Lourdes Dominguez, Marisa Montes, Teresa Aldámiz‐Echevarría, María J. Téllez, Ignacio Santos, Laura Benitez, José Sanz, Pablo Ryan, Gabriel Gaspar, Beatriz Alvarez, Juan E. Losa, Rafael Torres‐Perea, Carlos Barros, Juan V. San Martin, Sari Arponen, María T. de Guzmán, Raquel Monsalvo, Ana Vegas, María T. Garcia‐Benayas, Regino Serrano, Luis Gotuzzo, María Antonia Menendez, Luis M Belda, Eduardo Malmierca, María J. Calvo, Encarnación Cruz‐Martos, Juan J.

Exploring opportunities to prevent cirrhosis admissions in the emergency department: A multicenter multidisciplinary survey

Shazia Mehmood Siddique, Meghan Lane‐Fall, Matthew J. McConnell, Neha Jakhete, James Crismale, Stefanie Porges, Vandana Khungar, Shivan J. Mehta, David Goldberg, Zhiping Li, Thomas Schiano, Linda Regan, Clinton Orloski, Judy A. Shea – 26 January 2018 – Patients with cirrhosis have high admission and readmission rates, and it is estimated that a quarter are potentially preventable. Little data are available regarding nonmedical factors impacting triage decisions in this patient population.

Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion reduces bile duct reperfusion injury after transplantation of donation after circulatory death livers

Rianne van Rijn, Otto B. van Leeuwen, Alix P. M. Matton, Laura C. Burlage, Janneke Wiersema‐Buist, Marius C. van den Heuvel, Ruben H. J. de Kleine, Marieke T. de Boer, Annette S. H. Gouw, Robert J. Porte – 25 January 2018 – Dual hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (DHOPE) of the liver has been advocated as a method to reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). This study aimed to determine whether DHOPE reduces IRI of the bile ducts in donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver transplantation.

Khat chewing increases the risk for developing chronic liver disease: A hospital‐based case–control study

Stian Magnus Staurung Orlien, Irene Sandven, Nega Belay Berhe, Nejib Yusuf Ismael, Tekabe Abdosh Ahmed, Kathrine Stene‐Johansen, Svein Gunnar Gundersen, Marsha Yvonne Morgan, Asgeir Johannessen – 25 January 2018 – The chewing of the leaves of Catha edulis (khat) has been implicated in the development of liver disease, but no controlled observations have been undertaken. The objective of the present study was to determine whether khat chewing is associated with development of chronic liver disease (CLD).

Perioperative loss of psoas muscle is associated with patient survival in living donor liver transplantation

Min Suk Chae, Kwang Uck Moon, Joon‐Yong Jung, Ho Joong Choi, Hyun Sik Chung, Chul Soo Park, Jaemin Lee, Jong Ho Choi, Sang Hyun Hong – 24 January 2018 – Patients with end‐stage liver disease show sarcopenia, and preoperative sarcopenia is independently associated with patient mortality after liver transplantation. However, few studies have examined the relationship between perioperative loss of core muscle and patient mortality in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

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