Loss of hypoxia inducible factor‐1α aggravates γδ T‐cell‐mediated inflammation during acetaminophen‐induced liver injury

Tomohiro Suzuki, Shoko Minagawa, Takashi Yamazaki, Takatomo Arai, Mai Kanai, Satoko Shinjo, Nobuhito Goda – 26 March 2018 – Acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced liver injury is closely associated with acute hepatic inflammation. Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1) is activated during immunological processes and regulates gene expressions in various types of immune cells. Although HIF‐1 controls the differentiation and functions of conventional T cells in chronic inflammation, the pathological importance of HIF‐1 in innate‐like T cells during acute inflammation remains unknown.

The high burden of alcoholic cirrhosis in privately insured persons in the United States

Jessica L. Mellinger, Kerby Shedden, Gerald Scott Winder, Elliot Tapper, Megan Adams, Robert J Fontana, Michael L. Volk, Frederic C. Blow, Anna S.F. Lok – 26 March 2018 – Alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) is a major cause of liver‐related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Rising rates of alcohol use disorders in the United States will likely result in more alcoholic liver disease. Our aim was to determine the prevalence, health care use, and costs of AC among privately insured persons in the United States.

Patient Selection by Tumor Markers in Liver Transplantation for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hae Won Lee, Gi‐Won Song, Sung‐Gyu Lee, Jong Man Kim, Jae‐Won Joh, Dai Hoon Han, Soon Il Kim, Seong Hoon Kim, Dong‐Sik Kim, Jai Young Cho, Kyung‐Suk Suh – 25 March 2018 – Although far advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally considered a contraindication for liver transplantation (LT), biologically favorable tumors among them could show acceptable results. However, it is still unclear which tumors can be treated with LT. Data were collected on adult patients who underwent LT for HCC beyond the Milan criteria in 8 Korean LT centers between January 2000 and June 2013.

Hepatitis C Virus Eradication with New Interferon‐Free Treatment Improves Metabolic Profile in Hepatitis C Virus‐Related Liver Transplant Recipients

Junaid Beig, David Orr, Barry Harrison, Edward Gane – 25 March 2018 – Interferon (IFN)‐free, direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) therapy agents provide a safe and efficacious treatment for liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of HCV eradication on the metabolic factors in liver transplant recipients. We completed a retrospective single‐center study on HCV‐related liver transplant recipients treated with IFN‐free DAAs including both treatment‐naive and treatment‐experienced patients.

Design and Endpoints for Clinical Trials in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Cyriel Y. Ponsioen, Keith D. Lindor, Ruby Mehta, Lara Dimick‐Santos – 25 March 2018 – Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare and chronic liver disease for which there is no effective therapy. Interest has grown in developing treatments for this condition, with several agents proposed as potential therapies. However, there is a lack of clarity about how to measure clinical benefit in trials involving patients with this complex and rare disease.

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