Transplanting Hepatitis C–Seropositive, Nucleic Acid Test–Negative Donor Organs Into Hepatitis C–Negative Recipients
Trana Hussaini, Mel Krajden, Robert A. Mitchell, Eric M. Yoshida – 2 August 2018
Negative Regulation of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein–Mediated Antiviral Signaling by the Mitochondrial Protein LRPPRC During Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Giulia Refolo, Fabiola Ciccosanti, Martina Di Rienzo, Ariel Basulto Perdomo, Marta Romani, Tonino Alonzi, Marco Tripodi, Giuseppe Ippolito, Mauro Piacentini, Gian Maria Fimia – 2 August 2018 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is highly efficient in establishing a chronic infection, having evolved multiple strategies to suppress the host antiviral responses. The HCV nonstructural 5A (NS5A) protein, in addition to its role in viral replication and assembly, has long been known to hamper the interferon (IFN) response.
Oxidized Albumin Triggers a Cytokine Storm in Leukocytes Through P38 Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinase: Role in Systemic Inflammation in Decompensated Cirrhosis
José Alcaraz‐Quiles, Mireia Casulleras, Karl Oettl, Esther Titos, Roger Flores‐Costa, Marta Duran‐Güell, Cristina López‐Vicario, Marco Pavesi, Rudolf E. Stauber, Vicente Arroyo, Joan Clària – 2 August 2018 – Decompensated cirrhosis is characterized by exuberant systemic inflammation. Although the inducers of this feature remain unknown, the presence of circulating forms of oxidized albumin, namely human nonmercaptalbumin 1 (HNA1) and HNA2, is a common finding in cirrhosis.
Prospective Intraindividual Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Gadoxetic Acid and Extracellular Contrast for Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinomas Using the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System
Ji Hye Min, Jong Man Kim, Young Kon Kim, Tae Wook Kang, Soon Jin Lee, Gyu Seong Choi, Seo‐Youn Choi, Soohyun Ahn – 2 August 2018 – We intraindividually compared the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with extracellular contrast agents (ECA‐MRI) and MRI with hepatobiliary agents (HBA‐MRI) for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS).
Ductular Reaction in Liver Diseases: Pathological Mechanisms and Translational Significances
Keisaku Sato, Marco Marzioni, Fanyin Meng, Heather Francis, Shannon Glaser, Gianfranco Alpini – 2 August 2018 – Ductular reaction (DR) is characterized by the proliferation of reactive bile ducts induced by liver injuries. DR is pathologically recognized as bile duct hyperplasia and is commonly observed in biliary disorders. It can also be identified in various liver disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. DR is associated with liver fibrosis and damage, and the extent of DR parallels to patient mortality.
CCL15 Recruits Suppressive Monocytes to Facilitate Immune Escape and Disease Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Long‐Zi Liu, Zhao Zhang, Bo‐Hao Zheng, Yang Shi, Men Duan, Li‐Jie Ma, Zhi‐Chao Wang, Liang‐Qing Dong, Ping‐Ping Dong, Jie‐Yi Shi, Shu Zhang, Zhen‐Bin Ding, Ai‐Wu Ke, Ya Cao, Xiao‐Ming Zhang, Ruibin Xi, Jian Zhou, Jia Fan, Xiao‐Ying Wang, Qiang Gao – 2 August 2018 – Chemokines play a key role in orchestrating the recruitment and positioning of myeloid cells within the tumor microenvironment. However, the tropism regulation and functions of these cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not completely understood.
Patient‐Reported Outcomes and the Economic Effects of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: The Value Proposition
Zobair M. Younossi – 2 August 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), death, or liver transplantation. NASH has also been associated with impaired health‐related quality of life and poses a significant economic burden.
Plasma From Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation Is Resistant to Anticoagulant Activity of Soluble Thrombomodulin
Laura C. Burlage, Sarah Bos, Jelle Adelmeijer, Takumi Sakai, Robert J. Porte, Ton Lisman – 1 August 2018 – Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (ART‐123) is an anticoagulant and anti‐inflammatory agent clinically used for treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Preclinical studies have shown that ART‐123 reduces hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. Although ART‐123 may therefore have clinical benefit in orthotopic liver transplantation, the substantial alterations in the hemostatic system may complicate its use in this setting.
Increasing Liver Transplantation Wait‐List Dropout for Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Widening Geographical Disparities: Implications for Organ Allocation
Neil Mehta, Jennifer L. Dodge, Ryutaro Hirose, John P. Roberts, Francis Y. Yao – 1 August 2018 – Given the increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and regional variation in liver transplantation (LT) rates for HCC, we investigated temporal and geographic disparities in LT and wait‐list dropout. LT candidates receiving Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) exception from 2005 to 2014 were identified from the United Network for Organ Sharing database (n = 14,320). Temporal differences were compared across 2 eras (2005‐2009 and 2010‐2014).
HSP90 Inhibition Drives Degradation of FGFR2 Fusion Proteins: Implications for Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma
Dante Lamberti, Giulia Cristinziano, Manuela Porru, Carlo Leonetti, Jan B. Egan, Chang‐Xin Shi, Simonetta Buglioni, Carla A. Amoreo, Loriana Castellani, Mitesh J. Borad, Stefano Alemà, Sergio Anastasi, Oreste Segatto – 1 August 2018 – About 15% of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCs) express constitutively active fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion proteins (FFs) generated by chromosomal translocations.