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Cannabinoid‐1 Receptor Antagonism Improves Glycemic Control and Increases Energy Expenditure Through Sirtuin‐1/Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 and 5′Adenosine Monophosphate–Activated Protein Kinase Signaling

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Jie Liu, Grzegorz Godlewski, Tony Jourdan, Ziyi Liu, Resat Cinar, Keming Xiong, George Kunos – 1 December 2018 – Endocannabinoids promote energy conservation in obesity, whereas cannabinoid‐1 receptor (CB1R) blockade reverses body weight gain and insulin resistance and increases energy expenditure. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms of the catabolic effects of CB1R blockade in the liver.

Surgical Training and Simulation of Split‐Liver Transplantation in an Ex Vivo Porcine Model

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Yukihiro Sanada, Shuji Hishikawa, Takumi Katano, Yuta Hirata, Naoya Yamada, Noriki Okada, Koichi Mizuta – 1 December 2018

Effect of Increasing Age on Brain Dysfunction in Cirrhosis

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Runping Liu, Vishwadeep Ahluwalia, Jason D. Kang, Siddhartha S. Ghosh, Huiping Zhou, Yunzhou Li, Derrick Zhao, Emily Gurley, Xiaojiaoyang Li, Melanie B. White, Andrew Fagan, H. Robert Lippman, James B. Wade, Phillip B. Hylemon, Jasmohan S. Bajaj – 30 November 2018 – Patients with cirrhosis are growing older, which could have an impact on brain dysfunction beyond hepatic encephalopathy. Our aim was to study the effect of concomitant aging and cirrhosis on brain inflammation and degeneration using human and animal experiments.

Childhood Fructoholism and Fructoholic Liver Disease

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Andreia Ribeiro, Maria‐Jose Igual‐Perez, Ermelinda Santos Silva, Etienne M. Sokal – 30 November 2018 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging entity, becoming the most prevalent pediatric chronic liver disease. Its broad spectrum of histological findings, comorbidities, and complications, including cirrhosis and liver failure, can occur in childhood, emphasizing the severity of pediatric NAFLD.

Genotype 5 Hepatitis E Virus Produced by a Reverse Genetics System Has the Potential for Zoonotic Infection

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Tian‐Cheng Li, Huimin Bai, Sayaka Yoshizaki, Yasushi Ami, Yuriko Suzaki, Yen Hai Doan, Kazuaki Takahashi, Shunji Mishiro, Naokazu Takeda, Takaji Wakita – 30 November 2018 – Neither an animal model nor a cell culture system has been established for the genotype 5 hepatitis E virus (G5 HEV), and the pathogenicity, epidemiology, and replication mechanism of the virus remain unclear. In this study, we used a reverse genetics system to generate G5 HEV and examined the possibility of zoonotic infection.