Frequency, significance and therapy of the Mallory‐Weiss syndrome in patients with portal hypertension

Karl‐J. Paquet, Miguel Mercado‐Diaz, Johann‐F. Kalk – 1 May 1990 – The files of patients who underwent emergency endoscopy in a 2‐yr period (January 1985 to January 1987) in the Heinz‐Kalk Hospital were analyzed to establish the frequency, significance and therapy of the Mallory‐Weiss syndrome associated with portal hypertension, an association observed in 55 of 339 patients (16.2%). Portal hypertension was caused by cirrhosis in 53 patients and by a prehepatic block in two patients.

Hypoxia and CCI4‐induced liver injury, but not acidosis, impair metabolism of cysteinyl leukotrienes in perfused rat liver

Matthias Wettstein, Wolfgang Gerok, Dieter Häussinger – 1 May 1990 – Uptake, metabolism and biliary elimination of infused cysteinyl leukotrienes were investigated in single‐pass perfused rat liver. Hypoxia did not impair uptake of infused [3H] leukotriene C4, but inhibited biliary excretion of radioactivity by about 50% compared with normoxic control experiments.

Apolipoproteinemia A and α‐fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis: Several interpretations

Thierry Poynard – 1 May 1990 – The serum apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and α‐fetoprotein (AFP) were evaluated in histologically verified 30* cases of alcoholic cirrhosis and 18 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The latter were also divided into subgroups depending on the presence or absence of associated cirrhosis. Serum Apo A levels were found to be significantly decreased in cirrhotics (p < 0.001) compared to controls and non‐cirrhotic HCC patients.

Promoting effect of citrulline in hepatocarconogenesis: Possbile mechanism in hypercitrullinemia

Maski Nakayama, Yasuyki Okamoto, Tomofumi Morita, Makoto Matsumoto, Hiroshi Fukui, Hiroshi Nakano, Tadasu Tsujii – 1 May 1990 – Hypercitrullinemia (adult type), believed to be one of the hereditary urea cycle disorders, is known to be complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma at a high incidence (approximately 14%). Weinvestigated the relationship between this hypercitrullinemia and he‐patocarcinogenesis. After the addition of citrulline, incorporation of tritiated thymidine into primary cultured hepatocytes of adult rat increased in a dose‐dependent fashion in the range of 0.1 to 5 mmol/L.

Role of hepatic γ‐glutamyltransferase in the degradation of circulating glutathione: Studies in the intact guinea pig perfused liver

Hernan Speisky, Nick Shackel, George Varghese, Denis Wade, Yedy Israel – 1 May 1990 – The role of hepatic γ‐glutamyltransferase in the breakdown of circulating glutathione was studied in the perfused guinea pig liver. Hepatic γ‐glutamyltransferase activity in the guinea pig is sevenfold higher than in the rat and is comparable to its activity in man. Guinea pig livers were found to remove, in a single pass, 50% to 90% of glutathione ( 10 to 50 μmol/L) added to the portal perfusate.

Increased densities of peripheral‐type benzodiazepine receptors in brain autopsy samples from cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy

Joel Lavoie, Gilles Pomier Layrargues, Roger F. Butterworth – 1 May 1990 – Peripheral‐type benzodiazepine receptors were evaluated using the specific ligand [3H]‐PK 11195 in brain homogenates from nine cirrhotic patients who died in hepatic coma and from an equal number of age‐matched control subjects. Histopathological studies showed evidence of severe Alzheimer type II astrocytosis in the brains of all cirrhotic patients. Saturation‐binding assays revealed a single saturable binding site for [3H]‐PK 11195 in brain, with affinities in the 2‐ to 3‐nmol/L range.

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