Giampaolo Bianchi, Giulio Marchesini, Marco Zoli, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Andrea Fabbri, Emilio Pisi – 1 July 1994 – Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism are frequently observed in cirrhosis, and approximately 15% to 30% of patients have overt diabetes. In a retrospective and prospective study in cirrhosis, we analyzed the prognostic significance of diabetes, which was defined as the presence of hyperglycemia and overt glycosuria that in most cases required dietary restrictions or active treatment.

Marc W. Fariss, Sharon A. Johnsen, Lloyd P. Walton, Virgil R. Mumaw, Sidhartha D. Ray – 1 July 1994 – Tacrine (tetrahydroaminoacridine) is currently the only drug approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Unfortunately, tetrahydroaminoacridine therapy is often limited by this drug's propensity to induce reversible hepatotoxicity.

Dena M. Selby, J. Thomas Stocker, Myron A. Waclawiw, Charles L. Hitchcock, Kamal G. Ishak – 1 July 1994 – Clinical and morphological findings in 91 patients with infantile hemangioendothelioma of the liver are reported. The study comprised 56 girls and 35 boys ranging in age from premature infant to 3 yr; one outlier patient was 18 yr old. Most patients with infantile hemangioendothelioma (87%) were first seen before the age of 6 mo. Congestive heart failure was evident in 15%. Skin hemangiomas were noted in 11%. Anemia, hyperbilirubinemia and increased AST level were present.

Nancy L. Ascher, John R. Lake, Jean Emond, John Roberts – 1 July 1994 – Since the introduction of techniques to reliably identify antibody to the hepatitis C virus and quantitation of hepatitis C virus, there has been an increasing interest in the behavior of chronic hepatitis C infection with liver transplantation. Ninety‐seven patients with chronic active hepatitis C and fifty‐nine patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis underwent 100 and 62 liver transplantation procedures, respectively, at a single institution.

Mathew E. Brunson, Gary L. Davis, Johnson Y. N. Lau, Juan C. Scornik, Richard C. Howard, William W. Pfaff – 1 July 1994

Arun J. Sanyal, Arthur M. Freedman, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Preston P. Purdum, Velimir A. Luketic, Andrea K. Cheatham – 1 July 1994 – Portosystemic encephalopathy is a common complication of surgical portacaval shunts. Recently, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts have been proposed to produce portal decompression in a manner analogous to a side‐to‐side portacaval shunt, but with less morbidity. The incidence and clinical spectrum of portosystemic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts, however, had not been previously prospectively defined.

Wolf‐Bernhard Offensperger, Silke Offensperger, Barbara Stoll, Wolfgang Gerok, Dieter Häussinger – 1 July 1994 – In cultured hepatocytes from in vivo duck hepatitis B virus‐infected ducks the effect of medium osmolarity on viral replication was studied. A 10‐day exposure to hypotonic media (277 mOsm/L due to removal of 26 mmol/L NaCl) lowered the duck hepatitis B virus DNA content of cells and of the medium by about 50%, whereas hyperosmotic exposure (421 mOsm/L by addition of 46 mmol/L NaCl) increased it about four‐fold compared with normotonic standard incubation medium (329 mOsm/L).

Karin Vanderkerken, Luc Bouwens, Peter Kuppen, Wilfried De Neve, Kit Van Den Berg, Marijke Baekeland, Eddie Wisse – 1 June 1994 – The rat liver contains a population of natural killer cells consisting of two morphologically and functionally different subsets, a low‐density and a high‐density fraction. In this work we describe the influence of low‐dose radiation on hepatic natural killer activity.

Arnold Kooij, Henry J. Schiller, Martin Schijns, Cornelis J. F. Van Noorden, Wilma M. Frederiks – 1 June 1994 – The aim of this study was to test whether conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase into xanthine oxidase as induced by fasting, ischemia of the liver or both is an in vivo process or only occurs in vitro in homogenates. For this purpose, the conversion rate of xanthine dehydrogenase into xanthine oxidase was studied in liver homogenates obtained from rats after normal feeding or 24 hr of fasting followed or not by 2 hr of ischemia of the liver.

Masayoshi Kobune, Yutaka Kohgo, Junji Kato, Etsu Miyazaki, Yoshiro Niitsu – 1 June 1994 – To explore a mechanism of interleukin (IL)‐6–induced hypoferremia in rats, iron metabolism was investigated both in vivo and in vitro. Recombinant IL‐6 was intraperitoneally administered to male Wistar rats and the serial change of parameters related to iron metabolism was examined. After administration of IL‐6, plasma IL‐6 concentration increased rapidly, reached its maximum in 1 hr and thereafter decreased quickly.