James R. Hully, Ling Chang, Ralph H. Schwall, H. Ramon Widmer, Timothy G. Terrell, Nancy A. Gillett – 1 October 1994 – Recombinant human activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor‐β superfamily, induced significant cell loss in rodent livers and in primary hepatocyte cultures. Histologically and biochemically the hepatocyte death was mediated by apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death. Male mice were treated with 200 or 500 μg recombinant human activin A/kg body wt/day for up to 3 days by means of a subcutaneously implanted minipump.

Albert D. Min – 1 October 1994

1 October 1994

Florence Wong, Denise Massie, Paul Hsu, Francis Dudley – 1 October 1994 – A total of 29 patients with well‐compensated alcoholic cirrhosis and 9 healthy control subjects of similar age and sex were studied to assess their response to a challenge of 2 L of normal saline infused over a 1 hr period. Patients with cirrhosis had an adequate effective arterial blood volume in the basal state as assessed by neurohumoral markers of vascular filling.

Makoto Hoshino, Tomihiro Hayakawa, Asamitsu Hirano, Yasutaka Kamiya, Takayuki Ohiwa, Akitaka Tanaka, Tomoyuki Kumai, Takanori Inagaki, Makoto Miyaji, Toshihiko Takeuchi – 1 October 1994 – We investigated bile flow and biliary excretion of bile acids in the Eisai hyperbilirubinemic rat, a Sprague‐Dawley mutant rat with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, using both in vivo and in vitro models. In vivo bile flow was lower in Eisai hyperbilirubinemic rats than in the control rats before and after taurocholate was infused.

Masahide Oshita, Yoshiyuki Takei, Sunao Kawano, Taizo Hijioka, Eiji Masuda, Moritaka Goto, Yoshiya Nishimura, Hirotaka Nagai, Sadaharu Iio, Shingo Tsuji, Hideyuki Fusamoto, Takenobu Kamada – 1 October 1994 – The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of endogenous nitric oxide in ethanol‐induced perturbation of microcirculation and hepatic injury in perfused rat liver. Infusion of ethanol into the portal vein at 25 and 100 mmol/L increased portal pressure, which is an indicator of hepatic vasoconstriction, in a concentration‐dependent fashion.

F. Xavier González, Antoni Rimola, Luis Grande, Maria Antolin, Juan C. Garcia‐Valdecasas, Jose Fuster, Antonio M. Lacy, Esteban Cugat, Jose Visa, Joan Rodés – 1 September 1994 – To identify factors predictive of early postoperative graft function, we analyzed 54 variables—including easily available clinical and laboratory data prospectively obtained from organ donors, transplant recipients and surgical procedures in 168 consecutive liver transplantations.

Joseph S. Galati, Howard P. Monsour, Jeremiah P. Donovan, Rowen K. Zetterman, Daniel F. Schafer, Alan N. Langnas, Byers W. Shaw, Michael F. Sorrell – 1 September 1994 – Liver biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the management of patients following orthotopic liver transplant. We evaluated complications following percutaneous liver biopsy in a group of liver transplant patients who had Roux‐en‐Y choledochojejunostomies fashioned as part of their biliary reconstruction during liver transplantation.

Sumiko Nagoshi, Kenji Fujiwara – 1 September 1994 – Putrescine can stimulate regeneration of the remnant liver after partial hepatectomy in rats when exogenously administered, but its mitogenic action has not been shown in cultured hepatocytes. To find its action site(s) in the regulation of hepatocyte proliferation, we examined its effect on hepatocyte DNA synthesis in relation to mitogenic action of epidermal growth factor in vitro and in vivo.

Shinichi Iwamura, Hideaki Enzan, Toshiji Saibara, Saburo Onishi, Yasutake Yamamoto – 1 September 1994 – Sinusoidal “inclusion‐containing endothelial cells” were studied histopathologically and immunohistochemically in various liver diseases, and their clinical importance was investigated. A total of 498 needle liver biopsies were examined. Endothelial inclusions inside the cells were recognized as eosinophilic granules in hematoxylin‐eosin‐stained sections. Electron microscopy showed that these inclusions corresponded to round cytoplasmic dense bodies with a single limiting membrane.