Andrea Crosignani, Pier Maria Battezzati, Walter Albisetti, Giuseppe Grandinetti, Luca Pietrogrande, Arianna Biffi, Massimo Zuin, Mauro Podda – 1 September 1994 – No satisfactory treatment is available for metabolic bone disease associated with primary biliary cirrhosis. On the basis of the similarities to postmenopausal osteoporosis, the rationale exists for calcitonin to be tested in clinical studies in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis—associated osteoporosis.

Pamela Hartigan, The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Variceal Sclerotherapy Group – 1 September 1994 – Sclerotherapy and sham‐sclerotherapy were compared in male alcoholic patients with cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices. The prospective, singleblind, randomized clinical trial of 5 yr duration entered 253 male alcoholic patients at 12 Veterans Affairs medical centers. Patients were either actively bleeding from esophageal varices at randomization or they had a history of such bleeding.

Antoni Castells, Joan Saló, Ramon Planas, Juan Carlos Quer, Angels Ginès, Jaume Boix, Pere Ginès, Miquel Angel Gassull, Josep Terés, Vicente Arroyo, Joan Rodés – 1 September 1994 – Despite the efficacy of shunt surgery in the treatment of variceal bleeding, less effective nonoperative therapies are being substituted because surgical shunt does not modify survival and increases hepatic encephalopathy. However, the real impact of shunt surgery on the natural history of ascites and its complications has not been established.

1 September 1994

1 September 1994 – We have recently reported that administration of recombinant tumor necrosis factor‐alpha to hepatitis B virus transgenic mice reduces the hepatic steadystate content of HBV‐specific mRNA by up to 80% in the absence of liver cell injury. In the current study, we analyzed the regulatory effects of several other inflammatory cytokines in the same transgenic model system. Hepatic HBV mRNA content was reduced by up to 90% following administration of a single noncytopathic dose (100,000U) of interleukin‐2.

Hermann Salmhofer, Ingrid Rainer, Kurt Zatloukal, Helmut Denk – 1 September 1994 – Alcoholic hepatitis is a disease associated with profound alterations of the hepatocytic intermediate filament cytoskeleton. Similar cytoskeletal alterations can be induced in mice with prolonged feeding of the fungistatic drug griseofulvin. Murine hepatocytic intermediate filaments are composed of equimolar amounts of keratin polypeptides A (type II) and D (type I).

1 September 1994

Raymond S. Koff – 1 September 1994

T. Jake Liang – 1 September 1994

Tomoyuki Kumai, Makoto Hoshino, Tomihiro Hayakawa, Katsuyoshi Higashi – 1 September 1994 – We investigated the effects of papaverine on bile acid excretion into bile in the presence of infusions of taurocholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid and taurodehydrocholic acid in a single‐pass, isolated perfused rat liver model.