Caryn M. Berkowitz, Cynthia S. Shen, Bahri M. Bilir, Edgardo Guibert, Jorge J. Gumucio – 1 June 1995 – Cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase, the rate‐limiting enzyme in bile salt synthesis from cholesterol is a P450 enzyme (CYP7A). Its expression and activity are regulated by bile salts, cholesterol, hormones and a circadian modulator. Here we define the hepatocytes contributing to the expression of the rat CYP7A gene during its in vivo circadian variation.

Naeem A. Essani, Michael A. Fisher, Anwar Farhood, Anthony M. Manning, C. Wayne Smith, Hartmut Jaeschke – 1 June 1995 – Neutrophil‐induced liver injury during endotoxemia is dependent on the adhesion molecule Mac‐1 (CD11b/CD18) on neutrophils. The potential involvement of its counterreceptor, intercellular adhesion molecule—1 (ICAM‐1), in the pathogenesis was investigated after administration of 100 μg/kg Salmonella abortus equi endotoxin (ET) in galactosamine‐sensitized mice (Gal).

Satoshi Saitoh, Kenji Ikeda, Isao Koida, Akihito Tsubota, Yasuji Arase, Kazuaki Chayama, Hiromitsu Kumada – 1 June 1995 – We performed serial hemodynamics in 15 patients with 21 well‐differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas. The total length of the observation period ranged from 129 to 678 days (median, 368). We investigated both arterial and portal blood flow at intervals of at least 4 months. Arterial blood flow was measured with carbon dioxide—enhanced ultrasonography (US), and portal blood flow was measured with computed tomographic arterial portography (CTAP).

Naoaki Hashimoto, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Yasushi Shiratori, Yusei Ikeda, Hirokazu Kato, Katsuken Han, Haruki Yamada, Gotaro Toda, Kiyoshi Kurokawa – 1 June 1995 – We investigated the secretory profiles of prostanoids in two types of nonparenchymal cell from the rat liver, sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, in primary culture both under basal conditions and after stimulation with adenine nucleotides. Prostaglandin (PG) E2 was the main prostanoid secreted by both types of hepatic nonparenchymal cell in the basal and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‐stimulated states.

Tarun B. Patel, Bipin G. Nair, Ekambaram Padmini, Hani M. Rashed, Hui Sun – 1 June 1995 – Previously, we demonstrated that, 48 hours after partial hepatectomy, in the regenerating liver the number of both atrial natriuretic hormone (ANF) receptor subtypes, the guanylyl cyclase—linked and ANF‐C receptors, is increased twofold. Subsequently, we demonstrated that activation of ANF‐C receptors inhibits growth of hepatocytes.

Michio Morimoto, Ann‐Louise Hagbjörk, Yu‐Jui Yvonne Wan, Paul C. Fu, Paolo Clot, Emanuele Albano, Magnus Ingelman‐Sundberg, Samuel W. French – 1 June 1995 – This study was done to determine if a relationship exists between CYP2E1 induction by ethanol, lipid peroxidation, and liver pathology in experimental alcohol‐induced liver disease in the rat. Rats were fed ethanol with or without diallyl sulfide (DAS) or phenethyl isothiocyanate (PIC) intragastrically for 1 month.

Emanuel K. Manesis, Gregory Giannoulis, Pavlos Zoumboulis, Irini Vafiadou, Stephanos J. Hadziyannis – 1 June 1995 – We tested the hypothesis that a combination of sex hormone suppression and inhibition of their target receptors might improve survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Marjut Ranki, Hermann M. Schätzl, Reinhart Zachoval, Mikko Uusi‐Oukari, Päivi Lehtovaara – 1 June 1995 – A new standardized test for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA with increased sensitivity and range over previous assays (30 to 106 HBV genomes/test) was evaluated in this study. The quantitative results from the test have been validated using international reference specimens of known titer and a reference solution hybridization test. The test has small variability considering the wide dynamic range. The CV was 14% within one experiment and 32% to 39% between independent experiments.

Takahito Adachi, Shigeru Nakashima, Shigetoyo Saji, Toshikazu Nakamura, Yoshinori Nozawa – 1 June 1995 – Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF)—stimulated DNA synthesis in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. HGF‐induced DNA synthesis was concentration‐dependently inhibited by a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin. BW755C, a dual inhibitor for cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities, also inhibited hepatocyte growth.

Jan W. A. Smit, Karel J. Van Erpecum, Willem Renooij, Mark F. J. Stolk, Patrick Edgar, Heleen Doornewaard, Gerard P. Vanberge‐Henegouwen – 1 June 1995 – 3‐hydroxy, 3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG‐CoA) reductase inhibitors reduce biliary cholesterol saturation index (CSI) in duodenal bile in hypercholesterolemic patients and might be useful for gallstone dissolution. However, preliminary data suggest that these drugs are not effective in this respect. We therefore studied 33 patients with radiolucent gallstones in an opacifying gallbladder who were scheduled for elective cholecystectomy.