Yin‐Chu Chien, Chyi‐Feng Jan, Chun‐Ju Chiang, Hsu‐Sung Kuo, San‐Lin You, Chien‐Jen Chen – 4 February 2014 – Hepatitis B immunization has been documented to prevent fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by historical comparison studies in Taiwan. This study aimed to assess long‐term risks and predictors of various liver diseases associated with incomplete immunization in 3.8 million vaccinees.

Hiroyuki Koike, Yasuharu Ueno, Takako Naito, Tomoya Shiina, Susumu Nakata, Rie Ouchi, Yuta Obana, Keisuke Sekine, Yun‐Wen Zheng, Takanori Takebe, Kyo‐ichi Isono, Haruhiko Koseki, Hideki Taniguchi – 4 February 2014 – Polycomb‐group (PcG) proteins play crucial roles in self‐renewal of stem cells by suppressing a host of genes through histone modifications. Identification of the downstream genes of PcG proteins is essential for elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of stem cell self‐renewal. However, little is known about the PcG target genes in tissue stem cells.

Humberto Reyes – 3 February 2014

Nancy S. Reau, Donald M. Jensen – 3 February 2014

Antonino Castellaneta, Osamu Yoshida, Shoko Kimura, Shinichiro Yokota, David A. Geller, Noriko Murase, Angus W. Thomson – 3 February 2014 – Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) constitute the body's principal source of type I interferon (IFN) and are comparatively abundant in the liver. Among various cytokines implicated in liver ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, type I IFNs have been described recently as playing an essential role in its pathogenesis.

Laurence J. Belin, Robert C. Neely, Michael D. Kluger – 3 February 2014

Hanns‐Ulrich Marschall, Olof Stephansson – 3 February 2014

Francis Y. Yao – 3 February 2014

Kazuhiko Bessho, Reena Mourya, Pranavkumar Shivakumar, Stephanie Walters, John C. Magee, Marepalli Rao, Anil G. Jegga, Jorge A. Bezerra – 3 February 2014 – Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive fibroinflammatory obstruction of extrahepatic bile ducts that presents as neonatal cholestasis. Due to the overlap in clinical, biochemical, and histological features with other causes of cholestasis, the diagnosis requires an intraoperative cholangiogram. Thus, we determined whether diseased livers express a gene expression signature unique to BA.

Kenji Takahashi, Irene Yan, Hiroaki Haga, Tushar Patel – 3 February 2014 – The identification of the presence of large RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins but that may have biological functions has provided an important new perspective in gene regulation. These long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being increasingly recognized to contribute to many biological processes through diverse mechanisms. The roles of these emerging genes are being recognized across kingdoms.