Transplantation speed offers early hepatocyte engraftment in acute liver injured rats: A translational study with clinical implications

Cheng‐Maw Ho, Ya‐Hui Chen, Chin‐Sung Chien, Yi‐Tian Ho, Shu‐Li Ho, Rey‐Heng Hu, Hui‐Ling Chen, Po‐Huang Lee – 26 March 2015 – The impact of the rate of intraportal hepatocyte transplantation on early engraftment and repopulation is unclear. The aim of this study was to address this and to improve the engraftment and repopulation efficiencies of hepatocyte transplantation for the treatment of a rat model of acute liver failure in a clinically useful way without preconditioning. Acute hepatic injury was induced into Sprague‐Dawley rats with D‐galactosamine.

Hepatitis C virus infects rhesus macaque hepatocytes and simianized mice

Margaret A. Scull, Chao Shi, Ype P. de Jong, Gisa Gerold, Moritz Ries, Markus von Schaewen, Bridget M. Donovan, Rachael N. Labitt, Joshua A. Horwitz, Jenna M. Gaska, Gabriela Hrebikova, Jing W. Xiao, Brenna Flatley, Canny Fung, Luis Chiriboga, Christopher M. Walker, David T. Evans, Charles M. Rice, Alexander Ploss – 26 March 2015 – At least 170 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Matrix metalloproteinase 10 contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis in a novel crosstalk with the stromal derived factor 1/C‐X‐C chemokine receptor 4 axis

Oihane García‐Irigoyen, Maria U. Latasa, Simone Carotti, Iker Uriarte, Maria Elizalde, Raquel Urtasun, Umberto Vespasiani‐Gentilucci, Sergio Morini, Patricia Benito, Jose M. Ladero, Jose A. Rodriguez, Jesus Prieto, Josune Orbe, Jose A. Páramo, Maite G. Fernández‐Barrena, Carmen Berasain, Matias A. Avila – 23 March 2015 – Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in tissue repair after acute injury, but also participate in cancer by promoting a protumorigenic microenvironment. Previously, we reported on a key role for MMP10 in mouse liver regeneration.

Activation of sphingosine kinase 2 by endoplasmic reticulum stress ameliorates hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice

Su‐Yeon Lee, In‐Kyung Hong, Bo‐Rahm Kim, Soon‐Mi Shim, Jae Sung Lee, Hui‐Young Lee, Cheol Soo Choi, Bo‐Kyung Kim, Tae‐Sik Park – 22 March 2015 – The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the principal organelle in the cell for protein folding and trafficking, lipid synthesis, and cellular calcium homeostasis. Perturbation of ER function results in activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and is implicated in abnormal lipid biosynthesis and development of insulin resistance.

Re‐evaluation of hepatitis B virus clinical phases by systems biology identifies unappreciated roles for the innate immune response and B cells

Thomas Vanwolleghem, Jun Hou, Gertine van Oord, Arno C. Andeweg, A.D.M.E. Osterhaus, Suzan D. Pas, Harry L.A. Janssen, Andre Boonstra – 22 March 2015 – To identify immunological mechanisms that govern distinct clinical phases of a chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection—immune tolerant (IT), immune active (IA), inactive carrier (IC), and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)‐negative (ENEG) hepatitis phases—we performed a systems biology study.

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