Anna S. F. Lok, Ulus S. Akarca, Sheila Greene – 1 January 1995 – We previously reported two mutually exclusive mutations in the precore region of hepatitis B virus: M1 (T‐1856, proline‐serine substitution at codon 15) and M2 (A‐1896, stop codon at codon 28). This study was conducted to determine if the presence of precore mutants affect spontaneous or interferon (IFN)‐induced hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) clearance.

Gerd‐Achim Kullak‐Ublick, Gustav Paumgartner, Frieder Berr – 1 January 1995 – Comparative studies between different patient groups have suggested that cholecystectomy enhances bacterial dehydroxylation of the primary bile acid cholic acid (CA) to the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA). DCA may exert a cocarcinogenic effect on the colonic mucosa. In a short‐term follow‐up study on nine female patients we found no alterations of the CA or DCA pools after cholecystectomy.

Carmen García‐Ruiz, Albert Morales, Anna Colell, Antonio Ballesta, Joan Rodés, Neil Kaplowitz, José C. Fernández‐Checa – 1 January 1995 – Mitochondrial glutathione plays an important role in maintaining a functionally competent organelle. Previous studies have shown that ethanol feeding selectively depletes the mitochondrial glutathione pool, more predominantly in mitochondria from perivenous hepatocytes.

Jean‐Pierre Campion, Nicole Porchet, Jéan‐Pierre Aubert, Annie L'Helgoualch, Bruno Clément – 1 January 1995 – In orthotopic liver transplantation, extended cold ischemia of the graft may induce cell damage, particularly in biliary epithelium. We have investigated the effects of a cold University of Wisconsin (UW) solution on cultured human gallbladder biliary epithelial cells (GBEC) exposed or not exposed to stagnant bile. In UW solution, morphological alterations of cultured GBEC were not prominent under light microscopy after 16 hours at 4°C, being more striking after 24 to 48 hours.

Eric E. Mast, Michael A. Purdy – 1 January 1995 – Many epidemics of water‐borne hepatitis have occurred throughout India. These were thought to be epidemics of hepatitis A until 1980, when evidence for an enterically transmitted non‐A, non‐B hepatitis was first reported. Subsequently, hepatitis E virus was discovered and most recent epidemics of enterically transmitted non‐A, non‐B hepatitis have been attributed to hepatitis E virus infection. However, only a limited number of cases have been confirmed by immuno electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction, or seroconversion.

Raymond S. Koff – 1 January 1995

Ruth B. Purtilo – 1 January 1995

Carlos A. Cosenza, Haval Shirwan, Donald V. Cramer, Linda Sher, Luis Podesta, Leonard Makowka – 1 January 1995 – Cytokines are thought to play an important role in the inflammatory and immune responses of allograft rejection. We evaluated the pattern of cytokine gene expression in 36 liver biopsy specimens obtained from 20 recipients of primary orthotopic liver allografts.

Goran B. Klintmalm – 1 January 1995

Giovanna Fattovich, Giuliano Giustina, Solko W. Schalm, Stephanos Hadziyannis, Josè Sanchez‐Tapias, Piero Almasio, Erik Christensen, Kim Krogsgaard, Francoise Degos, Miguel Carneiro De Moura, Antonio Solinas, Franco Noventa, Giuseppe Realdi – 1 January 1995 – To examine the morbidity of compensated cirrhosis type B, a cohort of 349 Western European, white patients (86% men; mean age, 44 years) with biopsy‐proven cirrhosis was followed up for a mean period of 73 months and was studied for occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and decompensation.