M Niederberger, P Gines, P Martin, P Tsai, K Morris, I McMurtry, R W Schrier – 1 October 1996 – Nitric oxide (NO) is postulated to play a role in the pathogenesis of arterial vasodilation in chronic portal hypertension. This present study investigates the relationship between systemic hemodynamics and the vascular production of NO, as estimated by measuring cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in aortic tissue in two models of chronic portal hypertension in the rat: the partial portal vein ligation (PVL) model and CCl4‐induced cirrhosis.

N Bach – 1 October 1996

M Battegay – 1 October 1996

1 October 1996

N Terayama, T Terada, Y Nakanuma – 1 October 1996 – Background/Aims: To clarify the angiogenetic process and the origin of tumor vessels in human metastatic liver carcinomas. Methods: One hundred autopsy livers with metastatic carcinomas were studied by immunohistochemistry for von Willebrand factor, by lectin histochemistry for Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA‐I), and by morphometry of the density of tumor vessels in the liver metastases. In addition, tumor vessels were observed three‐dimensionally in silicone rubber‐injected livers with metastases.

I R Wanless, J Belgiorno, P Huet – 1 October 1996 – This study documents the hepatic morphology and the ultrastructure of a model of hepatic fibrosis in rabbits. Rabbits were given a cholesterol‐ supplemented diet (1%), a stilbestrol diet (10 mg subcutaneously twice a week), or both treatments simultaneously for 7 weeks. Rabbits given the combined treatment developed sinusoidal and portal fibrosis with only a mild disturbance of acinar vascular relationships.

J de Waele, R M Audet, D K Leong, R F Butterworth – 1 October 1996 – Portacaval anastomosis (PCA) in the rat results in a broad spectrum of neurological and neurobehavioral changes, including alterations of circadian rhythms, impaired locomotor activity, and reflexes, as well as decreased threshold to noxious stimuli. In addition, following portacaval shunting, rats drink significantly more ethanol in a free‐ choice drinking paradigm. Available evidence suggests that many of these behavioral changes may be modulated by the endogenous opioid system of the brain.

C Vargiu, S Colombatto, G Giribaldi, M A Grillo – 1 October 1996 – To understand the mechanism involved in the liver zonation of polyamines, we have studied the possible role of oxygen tension. When hepatocytes were cultured at 21% and at 5% oxygen in atmosphere to mimic periportal and perivenous conditions, polyamine content was modified. The observed modifications suggested an effect on the interconversion pathway. Spermidine acetyltransferase (SAT) activity and N1‐acetylspermidine were therefore measured in the same conditions.

M Lechmann, H G Ihlenfeldt, I Braunschweiger, G Giers, G Jung, B Matz, R Kaiser, T Sauerbruch, U Spengler – 1 October 1996 – As the host's immune response may determine the course of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we studied the humoral and cellular immune responses to HCV‐related antigens in subjects with different outcomes of HCV infection. Lymphoproliferative responses and circulating antibodies to a panel of HCV core‐ and E1‐related 25‐mer peptides were examined in 10 healthy anti‐HCV‐seropositive blood donors (group A) and in 29 patients with chronic hepatitis C (group B).

A Pauwels, N Mostefa‐Kara, B Debenes, E Degoutte, V Levy – 1 October 1996 – In cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, bacterial infections are frequent and play a significant role in mortality. We have previously found that patients with a Child‐Pugh's class C or a rebleeding are a subgroup of cirrhotic patients with a high risk of infection. The aims of the study were (1) to validate these indicators and (2) to assess the effectiveness of a systemic antibiotic treatment in preventing bacterial infections in bleeding cirrhotics with a high risk of infection.