Response‐guided telaprevir therapy in prior relapsers? The role of bridging data from treatment‐naïve and experienced subjects

Jiang Liu, Pravin R. Jadhav, Shashi Amur, Russell Fleischer, Thomas Hammerstrom, Linda Lewis, Lisa Naeger, Jule O'Rear, Michael Pacanowski, Sarah Robertson, Shirley Seo, Greg Soon, Debra Birnkrant – 6 April 2012 – The purpose of this report is to illustrate the US Food and Drug Administration's rationale for approving response‐guided therapy (RGT) for telaprevir (TVR) in combination with pegylated interferon‐α and ribavirin (P/R) for the treatment of adults with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C who were prior relapsers.

Foxp3+ regulatory T cells protect the liver from immune damage and compromise virus control during acute experimental hepatitis B virus infection in mice

Leonhard Stross, Johannes Günther, Georg Gasteiger, Theresa Asen, Stefanie Graf, Michaela Aichler, Irene Esposito, Dirk H. Busch, Percy Knolle, Tim Sparwasser, Ulrike Protzer – 6 April 2012 – The strength of antiviral T cell responses correlates with clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, but the immunological mechanisms mitigating or suppressing HBV‐specific T cells are still poorly understood. In this study, we examined the role of CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in a mouse model of acute HBV infection.

The diagnosis and management of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association

The diagnosis and management of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association

The impact of lifetime alcohol use on hepatitis C treatment outcomes in privately insured members of an integrated health care plan

Marcia Russell, Mary Patricia Pauly, Charles Denton Moore, Constance Chia, Jennifer Dorrell, Renee J. Cunanan, Gayle Witt, Scott Martin – 5 April 2012 – Treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection (HCV+) has historically been shown to be less effective in patients with a heavy drinking history. The effect of moderate and heavy alcohol use on treatment with pegylated interferon‐alpha and ribavirin (P/R) in an insured household population has not been previously reported.

Real‐time tissue elastography for evaluation of hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases

Hironori Ochi, Masashi Hirooka, Yohei Koizumi, Teruki Miyake, Yoshio Tokumoto, Yoshiko Soga, Fujimasa Tada, Masanori Abe, Yoichi Hiasa, Morikazu Onji – 5 April 2012 – The aim of this study was to prospectively measure liver stiffness with real‐time tissue elastography in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) and to compare the result with the clinical assessment of fibrosis using histological stage.

Clinical significance of azathioprine metabolites for the maintenance of remission in autoimmune hepatitis

Harpreet K. Dhaliwal, Rory Anderson, Elizabeth L. Thornhill, Sarah Schneider, Elaine McFarlane, Dermot Gleeson, Lynne Lennard – 5 April 2012 – Azathioprine (AZA) is used to maintain remission in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), but up to 18% of patients are unresponsive. AZA is a prodrug, and the formation of active thioguanine nucleotide (TGN) metabolites varies widely.

The basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factor, heart and neural crest derivatives expressed transcript 2, marks hepatic stellate cells in zebrafish: Analysis of stellate cell entry into the developing liver

Chunyue Yin, Kimberley J. Evason, Jacquelyn J. Maher, Didier Y.R. Stainier – 5 April 2012 – Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are liver‐specific mesenchymal cells that play vital roles in liver development and injury. Our knowledge of HSC biology is limited by the paucity of in vivo data. HSCs and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) reside in close proximity, and interactions between these two cell types are potentially critical for their development and function. Here, we introduce a transgenic zebrafish line, Tg(hand2:EGFP), that labels HSCs.

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