Su Yin Lim, Alex Gordon‐Weeks, Danny Allen, Veerle Kersemans, John Beech, Sean Smart, Ruth J. Muschel – 8 April 2015 – Myeloid cells are known to mediate metastatic progression. Here, we attempted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these effects by identifying gene expression alterations in cancer cells forming hepatic metastases after myeloid cell depletion. Hepatic metastases are heavily infiltrated by CD11b+ myeloid cells.

Geraldine Diaz, Josh Levitsky, Gabriel Oniscu – 8 April 2015 – The 2014 Annual Meeting of the International Liver Transplantation Society was held in London, England. This was the 20th meeting of the Society and was marked by a joint meeting including the European Liver and Intestinal Association as well as the Liver Intensive Care Group of Europe. The meeting included symposia, invited lectures, debates, oral presentations, and posters. The principal themes were living donation, expanding the deceased donor pool, machine preservation, and new oral therapies for hepatitis C virus.

Hai Huang, Samer Tohme, Ahmed B. Al‐Khafaji, Sheng Tai, Patricia Loughran, Li Chen, Shu Wang, Jiyun Kim, Timothy Billiar, Yanming Wang, Allan Tsung – 8 April 2015 – Innate immunity plays a crucial role in the response to sterile inflammation such as liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The initiation of liver I/R injury results in the release of damage‐associated molecular patterns, which trigger an innate immune and inflammatory cascade through pattern recognition receptors.

Elisabeth Schrumpf, Corey Tan, Tom H. Karlsen, Jon Sponheim, Niklas K. Björkström, Olav Sundnes, Kristian Alfsnes, Arthur Kaser, Douglas M. Jefferson, Yoshiyuki Ueno, Tor J. Eide, Guttorm Haraldsen, Sebastian Zeissig, Mark A. Exley, Richard S. Blumberg, Espen Melum – 8 April 2015 – Cholangiocytes express antigen‐presenting molecules, but it has been unclear whether they can present antigens. Natural killer T (NKT) cells respond to lipid antigens presented by the major histocompatibility complex class I‐like molecule CD1d and are abundant in the liver.

Douglas G. Mashek, Salmaan A. Khan, Aishwarya Sathyanarayan, Jonathan M. Ploeger, Mallory P. Franklin – 8 April 2015 – Hepatic steatosis is defined by the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs). Once thought to be only inert energy storage depots, LDs are increasingly recognized as organelles that have important functions in hepatocytes beyond lipid storage. The lipid and protein composition of LDs is highly dynamic and influences their intrinsic metabolism and signaling properties, which ultimately links them to the changes in hepatic function.

Huey‐Ling Chen, Chien‐Nan Lee, Chin‐Hao Chang, Yen‐Hsuan Ni, Ming‐Kwang Shyu, Shih‐Ming Chen, Jen‐Jan Hu, Hans Hsienhong Lin, Lu‐Lu Zhao, Shu‐Chi Mu, Ming‐Wei Lai, Chyi‐Long Lee, Hsien‐Ming Lin, Ming‐Song Tsai, Jenn‐Jeih Hsu, Ding‐Shinn Chen, K. Arnold Chan, Mei‐Hwei Chang, Taiwan Study Group for the Prevention of Mother‐to‐Infant Transmission of HBV (PreMIT Study) – 7 April 2015 – The efficacy and safety of maternal tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in reducing mother‐to‐infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmissions is not clearly understood.

Huey‐Ling Chen, Chien‐Nan Lee, Chin‐Hao Chang, Yen‐Hsuan Ni, Ming‐Kwang Shyu, Shih‐Ming Chen, Jen‐Jan Hu, Hans Hsienhong Lin, Lu‐Lu Zhao, Shu‐Chi Mu, Ming‐Wei Lai, Chyi‐Long Lee, Hsien‐Ming Lin, Ming‐Song Tsai, Jenn‐Jeih Hsu, Ding‐Shinn Chen, K. Arnold Chan, Mei‐Hwei Chang, Taiwan Study Group for the Prevention of Mother‐to‐Infant Transmission of HBV (PreMIT Study) – 7 April 2015 – The efficacy and safety of maternal tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in reducing mother‐to‐infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmissions is not clearly understood.

Stanislas Pol, Mark S. Sulkowski, Tarek Hassanein, Edward J. Gane, Lin Liu, Hongmei Mo, Brian Doehle, Bittoo Kanwar, Diana Brainard, G. Mani Subramanian, William T. Symonds, John G. McHutchison, Ronald G. Nahass, Michael Bennett, Ira M. Jacobson – 6 April 2015 – Retreatment of patients who have not achieved sustained virological response (SVR) after treatment with investigational direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has not been extensively studied.

Adeel A. Butt, Peng Yan, Hector Bonilla, Abdul‐Badi Abou‐Samra, Obaid S. Shaikh, Tracey G. Simon, Raymond T. Chung, Shari S. Rogal, for the ERCHIVES (Electronically Retrieved Cohort of HCV Infected Veterans) Study Team – 6 April 2015 – 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) have been variably noted to affect hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment response, fibrosis progression, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence, with some having a more potent effect than others.

Elliot B. Tapper, Daniel Finkelstein, Murray A. Mittleman, Gail Piatkowski, Michelle Lai – 4 April 2015 – The risk of morbidity and mortality for hospitalized patients with cirrhosis is high and incompletely captured by conventional indices. We sought to evaluate the predictive role of frailty in an observational cohort study of inpatients with decompensated cirrhosis between 2010 and 2013. The primary outcome was 90‐day mortality. Secondary outcomes included discharge to a rehabilitation hospital, 30‐day readmission, and length of stay.