A randomized placebo‐controlled trial of prophylactic dexamethasone for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

Sadahisa Ogasawara, Tetsuhiro Chiba, Yoshihiko Ooka, Naoya Kanogawa, Tenyu Motoyama, Eiichiro Suzuki, Akinobu Tawada, Kazue Nagai, Tomoo Nakagawa, Takeshi Sugawara, Hideki Hanaoka, Fumihiko Kanai, Osamu Yokosuka – 26 July 2017 – This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial evaluated dexamethasone efficacy at preventing fever, anorexia, and nausea/vomiting, the most frequent adverse events of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Src kinase inhibition reduces inflammatory and cytoskeletal changes in ΔF508 human cholangiocytes and improves cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator correctors efficacy

Romina Fiorotto, Mariangela Amenduni, Valeria Mariotti, Luca Fabris, Carlo Spirli, Mario Strazzabosco – 24 July 2017 – Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the channel mutated in cystic fibrosis (CF), is expressed by the biliary epithelium (i.e., cholangiocytes) of the liver. Progressive clinical liver disease (CF‐associated liver disease; CFLD) occurs in around 10% of CF patients and represents the third leading cause of death.

Src kinase inhibition reduces inflammatory and cytoskeletal changes in ΔF508 human cholangiocytes and improves cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator correctors efficacy

Romina Fiorotto, Mariangela Amenduni, Valeria Mariotti, Luca Fabris, Carlo Spirli, Mario Strazzabosco – 24 July 2017 – Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the channel mutated in cystic fibrosis (CF), is expressed by the biliary epithelium (i.e., cholangiocytes) of the liver. Progressive clinical liver disease (CF‐associated liver disease; CFLD) occurs in around 10% of CF patients and represents the third leading cause of death.

Interventional radiology in the management of the liver transplant patient

Bartley Thornburg, Nitin Katariya, Ahsun Riaz, Kush Desai, Ryan Hickey, Robert Lewandowski, Riad Salem – 24 July 2017 – Liver transplantation (LT) is commonly used to treat patients with end‐stage liver disease. The evolution of surgical techniques, endovascular methods, and medical care has led to a progressive decrease in posttransplant morbidity and mortality. Despite these improvements, a multidisciplinary approach to each patient remains essential as the early diagnosis and treatment of the complications of transplantation influence graft and patient survival.

Rapid changes in peripheral lymphocyte concentrations during interferon‐free treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Eric G. Meissner, Anita Kohli, Jeanette Higgins, Yu‐Jin Lee, Olga Prokunina, David Wu, Cody Orr, Henry Masur, Shyam Kottilil – 24 July 2017 – Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with direct‐acting antivirals results in a rapid decline in viral load and markers of hepatic inflammation, including serum chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) concentration, which is followed in most cases by a sustained virologic response. Whether parallel changes of significance occur in the cellular composition of peripheral blood is relatively unknown.

Interferon lambda 4 rs368234815 TT>δG variant is associated with liver damage in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Salvatore Petta, Luca Valenti, Antonino Tuttolomondo, Paola Dongiovanni, Rosaria Maria Pipitone, Calogero Cammà, Daniela Cabibi, Vito Di Marco, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Sara Badiali, Valerio Nobili, Silvia Fargion, Stefania Grimaudo, Antonio Craxì – 24 July 2017 – The interferon (IFN) lambda 3/4 (IFNL3/4) locus, influencing innate immunity regulation, has been associated with the severity of hepatitis and fibrosis progression during chronic hepatitis C infection, while contrasting results were reported in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

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