High Mobility Group Box‐1 Drives Fibrosis Progression Signaling via the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products in Mice

Xiaodong Ge, Elena Arriazu, Fernando Magdaleno, Daniel J. Antoine, Rouchelle dela Cruz, Neil Theise, Natalia Nieto – 18 May 2018 – High‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1) is a damage‐associated molecular pattern (DAMP) increased in response to liver injury. Because HMGB1 is a ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE), we hypothesized that induction of HMGB1 could participate in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis though RAGE cell‐specific signaling mechanisms.

Integrative Epigenetic Analysis Reveals Therapeutic Targets to the DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitor Guadecitabine (SGI‐110) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Minmin Liu, Lian Zhang, Hongtao Li, Toshinori Hinoue, Wanding Zhou, Hitoshi Ohtani, Anthony El‐Khoueiry, John Daniels, Casey O'Connell, Tanya B. Dorff, Qianjin Lu, Daniel J. Weisenberger, Gangning Liang – 18 May 2018 – There is an urgent need to develop more effective therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) because of its aggressiveness. Guadecitabine (SGI‐110) is a second‐generation DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi), which is currently in clinical trials for HCC and shows greater stability and performance over first‐generation DNMTis.

The Immunobiology of Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor Kappa B Ligand and Myeloid‐Derived Suppressor Cell Activation in Immunoglobulin G4–Related Sclerosing Cholangitis

Min Lian, Qixia Wang, Xiang Jiang, Jun Zhang, Yiran Wei, Yanmei Li, Bo Li, Weihua Chen, Haiyan Zhang, Qi Miao, Yanshen Peng, Xiao Xiao, Li Sheng, Weici Zhang, Jingyuan Fang, Ruqi Tang, M. Eric Gershwin, Xiong Ma – 18 May 2018 – The primary function of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is reflected in their immune modulatory role in several immune‐mediated diseases. In immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)–related disease (IgG4‐RD), it has been hypothesized that there are selective regulatory defects that lead to a T helper 2 (Th2) bias immune response.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Real‐World Data From a Large U.S. Claims Database

Alina M. Allen, Holly K. Houten, Lindsey R. Sangaralingham, Jayant A. Talwalkar, Rozalina G. McCoy – 18 May 2018 – The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing. The health care burden resulting from the multidisciplinary management of this complex disease is unknown. We assessed the total health care cost and resource utilization associated with a new NAFLD diagnosis, compared with controls with similar comorbidities.

Survival Outcomes in Split Compared With Whole Liver Transplantation

Kyung Chul Yoon, Sanghee Song, Eun‐Kyoung Jwa, Sanghoon Lee, Jong Man Kim, Ok‐kyoung Kim, Suk Kyun Hong, Nam‐Joon Yi, Kwang‐Woong Lee, Myoung Soo Kim, Shin Hwang, Kyung‐Suk Suh, Suk‐Koo Lee – 10 May 2018 – Split‐liver transplantation (SLT) should be cautiously considered because the right trisection (RTS) graft can be a marginal graft in adult recipients. Herein, we analyzed the outcomes of RTS‐SLT in Korea, where >75% of adult liver transplantations are performed with living donor liver transplantation.

Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein‐Induced Protein 1 Targets Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor 1α to Protect Against Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Peng Sun, Yue‐Xin Lu, Daqing Cheng, Kuo Zhang, Jilin Zheng, Yupeng Liu, Xiaozhan Wang, Yu‐Feng Yuan, Yi‐Da Tang – 9 May 2018 – Sterile inflammation is an essential factor causing hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. As a critical regulator of inflammation, the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) in hepatic I/R injury remains undetermined. In this study, we discovered that MCPIP1 downregulation was associated with hepatic I/R injury in liver transplant patients and a mouse model.

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