Immune Determinants in the Acquisition and Maintenance of Antibody to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Adults After First‐Time Hepatitis B Vaccination

Hiroyoshi Doi, Sachiyo Yoshio, Keiichiro Yoneyama, Hironari Kawai, Yuzuru Sakamoto, Tomonari Shimagaki, Yoshihiko Aoki, Yosuke Osawa, Hitoshi Yoshida, Tatsuya Kanto – 22 April 2019 – Global implementation of a birth‐dose hepatitis B (HB) vaccine has significantly reduced the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers. Durable and sufficient titers of antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti‐HBs) are desirable for vaccinees to gain resistance to HBV exposure.

Impaired Chylomicron Assembly Modifies Hepatic Metabolism Through Bile Acid–Dependent and Transmissible Microbial Adaptations

Yan Xie, Hitoshi Matsumoto, Susan Kennedy, Elizabeth P. Newberry, William Moritz, Brian J. DeBosch, Kelle H. Moley, Deborah C. Rubin, Brad W. Warner, Andrew L. Kau, Phillip I. Tarr, Todd N. Wylie, Kristine M. Wylie, Nicholas O. Davidson – 20 April 2019 – The mechanisms by which alterations in intestinal bile acid (BA) metabolism improve systemic glucose tolerance and hepatic metabolic homeostasis are incompletely understood.

p300 Acetyltransferase Is a Cytoplasm‐to‐Nucleus Shuttle for SMAD2/3 and TAZ Nuclear Transport in Transforming Growth Factor β–Stimulated Hepatic Stellate Cells

Yuanguo Wang, Kangsheng Tu, Donglian Liu, Luyang Guo, Yunru Chen, Qing Li, Jessica L. Maiers, Zhikui Liu, Vijay H. Shah, Changwei Dou, Daniel Tschumperlin, Luke Voneschen, Rendong Yang, Ningling Kang – 20 April 2019 – Nuclear translocation of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (SMAD2/3), core transcription factors of transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) signaling, is critical for hepatic stellate cell (HSC) differentiation into metastasis‐promoting myofibroblasts.

Circular RNA MAT2B Promotes Glycolysis and Malignancy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through the miR‐338‐3p/PKM2 Axis Under Hypoxic Stress

Qing Li, Xiongxiong Pan, Deming Zhu, Zhengming Deng, Runqiu Jiang, Xuehao Wang – 20 April 2019 – Glucose metabolism reprogramming, which is a well‐established characteristic of multiple cancers, demands a higher rate of glycolysis to meet the increasing demands for macromolecular synthesis and to maintain rapid proliferation in a hypoxic environment. However, the mechanism underlying this switch remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the function of circular RNA MAT2B (circMAT2B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) glucose metabolism reprogramming and malignancy.

External Validation of a Pretransplant Biomarker Model (REVERSE) Predictive of Renal Recovery After Liver Transplantation

Josh Levitsky, Sumeet K. Asrani, Michael Abecassis, Richard Ruiz, Linda W. Jennings, Goran Klintmalm – 19 April 2019 – In patients with end‐stage liver disease, the ability to predict recovery of renal function following liver transplantation (LT) remains elusive. However, several important clinical decisions depend on whether renal dysfunction is recoverable after LT.

Sorafenib Induces Pyroptosis in Macrophages and Triggers Natural Killer Cell–Mediated Cytotoxicity Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Carina Hage, Sabine Hoves, Léanne Strauss, Stefan Bissinger, Ylva Prinz, Thomas Pöschinger, Fabian Kiessling, Carola H. Ries – 19 April 2019 – Antiangiogenic and cytotoxic effects are considered the principal mechanisms of action of sorafenib, a multitarget kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We report that sorafenib also acts through direct immune modulation, indispensable for its antitumor activity.

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