Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Is a Paracrine Factor Controlling Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Fenestration and Protecting Against Hepatic Fibrosis

Agnès Desroches‐Castan, Emmanuelle Tillet, Nicolas Ricard, Marie Ouarné, Christine Mallet, Lucid Belmudes, Yohann Couté, Olivier Boillot, Jean‐Yves Scoazec, Sabine Bailly, Jean‐Jacques Feige – 9 April 2019 – Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is a circulating factor produced by hepatic stellate cells that plays a critical role in vascular quiescence through its endothelial receptor activin receptor‐like kinase 1 (ALK1). Mutations in the gene encoding ALK1 cause hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 2, a rare genetic disease presenting hepatic vessel malformations.

MicroRNA‐223 Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Cancer by Targeting Multiple Inflammatory and Oncogenic Genes in Hepatocytes

Yong He, Seonghwan Hwang, Yan Cai, Seung‐Jin Kim, Mingjiang Xu, Dingcheng Yang, Adrien Guillot, Dechun Feng, Wonhyo Seo, Xin Hou, Bin Gao – 9 April 2019 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of diseases ranging from simple steatosis to more severe forms of liver injury including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In humans, only 20%‐40% of patients with fatty liver progress to NASH, and mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) develop fatty liver but are resistant to NASH development.

A Frizzled‐Like Cysteine‐Rich Domain in Glypican‐3 Mediates Wnt Binding and Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumor Growth in Mice

Na Li, Liwen Wei, Xiaoyu Liu, Hongjun Bai, Yvonne Ye, Dan Li, Nan Li, Ulrich Baxa, Qun Wang, Ling Lv, Yun Chen, Mingqian Feng, Byungkook Lee, Wei Gao, Mitchell Ho – 9 April 2019 – Wnt signaling is one of the key regulators of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor progression. In addition to the classical receptor frizzled (FZD), various coreceptors including heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are involved in Wnt activation. Glypican‐3 (GPC3) is an HSPG that is overexpressed in HCC and functions as a Wnt coreceptor that modulates HCC cell proliferation.

Physicians’ Perspectives on Palliative Care for Patients With End‐Stage Liver Disease: A National Survey Study

Nneka N. Ufere, John Donlan, Lauren Waldman, Arpan Patel, Jules L. Dienstag, Lawrence S. Friedman, Kathleen E. Corey, Nikroo Hashemi, Peter Carolan, Alan C. Mullen, Michael Thiim, Irun Bhan, Ryan Nipp, Joseph Greer, Jennifer Temel, Raymond T. Chung, Areej El‐Jawahri – 9 April 2019 – Specialty palliative care (PC) is underused for patients with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD). We sought to examine attitudes of hepatologists and gastroenterologists about PC for patients with ESLD. We conducted a cross‐sectional survey of these specialists who provide care to patients with ESLD.

Fructose Promotes Leaky Gut, Endotoxemia, and Liver Fibrosis Through Ethanol‐Inducible Cytochrome P450‐2E1–Mediated Oxidative and Nitrative Stress

Young‐Eun Cho, Do‐Kyun Kim, Wonhyo Seo, Bin Gao, Seong‐Ho Yoo, Byoung‐Joon Song – 8 April 2019 – Fructose intake is known to induce obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to evaluate the effects of fructose drinking on gut leakiness, endotoxemia, and NAFLD and study the underlying mechanisms in rats, mice, and T84 colon cells.

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