Chronic Hepatitis B Prevalence Among Foreign‐Born and U.S.‐Born Adults in the United States, 1999‐2016

Michael H. Le, Yee Hui Yeo, Ramsey Cheung, Linda Henry, Anna S. Lok, Mindie H. Nguyen – 22 June 2019 – Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health problem, exacerbated by poor linkage to care. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV infection, exposure, self‐reported vaccination, vaccine‐induced immunity, disease awareness, and treatment in the United States by birthplace and race/ethnicity during 1999‐2016.

Intestinal Fungal Dysbiosis and Systemic Immune Response to Fungi in Patients With Alcoholic Hepatitis

Sonja Lang, Yi Duan, Jinyuan Liu, Manolito G. Torralba, Claire Kuelbs, Meritxell Ventura‐Cots, Juan G. Abraldes, Francisco Bosques‐Padilla, Elizabeth C. Verna, Robert S. Brown, Victor Vargas, Jose Altamirano, Juan Caballería, Debbie Shawcross, Michael R. Lucey, Alexandre Louvet, Philippe Mathurin, Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao, Samuel B. Ho, Xin M. Tu, Ramon Bataller, Peter Stärkel, Derrick E.

Hepatocyte TNF Receptor–Associated Factor 6 Aggravates Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis by Promoting Lysine 6–Linked Polyubiquitination of Apoptosis Signal‐Regulating Kinase 1

Yutao Wang, Huan Wen, Jiajun Fu, Lin Cai, Peng‐Long Li, Chang‐Ling Zhao, Zhu‐feng Dong, Jun‐peng Ma, Xi Wang, Han Tian, Yan Zhang, Ye Liu, Jingjing Cai, Zhi‐Gang She, Zan Huang, Wenhua Li, Hongliang Li – 20 June 2019 – Activation of apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a key driving force of the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and represents an attractive therapeutic target for NASH treatment. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying ASK1 activation in the pathogenesis of NASH remain incompletely understood.

Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin Therapy for Children Aged 3 to <12 Years With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 2 or 3 Infection

Philip Rosenthal, Kathleen B. Schwarz, Regino P. Gonzalez‐Peralta, Chuan‐Hao Lin, Deidre A. Kelly, Scott Nightingale, William F. Balistreri, Sanjay Bansal, Maureen M. Jonas, Benedetta Massetto, Diana M. Brainard, Chia‐Hsiang Hsueh, Jiang Shao, Bandita Parhy, Suzanne Davison, Cornelia Feiterna‐Sperling, Lynette A. Gillis, Giuseppe Indolfi, Etienne M. Sokal, Karen F. Murray, Stefan Wirth – 20 June 2019 – Currently, the only approved hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment for children aged <12 years is pegylated interferon plus ribavirin.

Evaluating Noninvasive Markers to Identify Advanced Fibrosis by Liver Biopsy in HBV/HIV Co‐infected Adults

Richard K. Sterling, Wendy C. King, Abdus S. Wahed, David E. Kleiner, Mandana Khalili, Mark Sulkowski, Raymond T. Chung, Mamta K. Jain, Mauricio Lisker‐Melman, David K. Wong, Marc G. Ghany, the HIV‐HBV Cohort Study of the Hepatitis B Research Network – 20 June 2019 – Noninvasive biomarkers are used increasingly to assess fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease.

Long‐Term Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in HCV Patients Treated With Direct Acting Antiviral Agents

Fasiha Kanwal, Jennifer R. Kramer, Steven M. Asch, Yumei Cao, Liang Li, Hashem B. El‐Serag – 20 June 2019 – Sustained virologic response (SVR) after direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) holds promise for reducing hepatocellular cancer (HCC). DAAs have recently been available long enough to estimate the long‐term risk. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients who achieved SVR with DAAs from 129 Veterans Health Administration hospitals between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2015, with follow‐up through September 30, 2018.

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