Aberrant methylation of multiple tumor suppressor genes in aging liver, chronic hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma

Naoshi Nishida, Takeshi Nagasaka, Takafumi Nishimura, Iwao Ikai, C. Richard Boland, Ajay Goel – 26 February 2008 – Aberrant DNA methylation is an important epigenetic alteration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular processes underlying the methylator phenotype and the contribution of hepatitis viruses are poorly understood. The current study is a comprehensive methylation analysis of human liver tissue specimens. A total of 176 liver tissues, including 77 pairs of HCCs and matching noncancerous liver and 22 normal livers, were analyzed for methylation.

Pathology of chronic hepatitis C in children: Liver biopsy findings in the Peds‐C Trial

Zachary D. Goodman, Hala R. Makhlouf, Lea Liu, William Balistreri, Regino P. Gonzalez‐Peralta, Barbara Haber, Maureen M. Jonas, Parvathi Mohan, Jean P. Molleston, Karen F. Murray, Michael R. Narkewicz, Philip Rosenthal, Lesley J. Smith, Patricia R. Robuck, Kathleen B. Schwarz – 26 February 2008 – There is relatively little information in the literature on the histopathology of chronic hepatitis C in children.

Prevalence of sclerosing cholangitis in adults with autoimmune hepatitis: Evaluating the role of routine magnetic resonance imaging

Rupert Abdalian, Preeti Dhar, Kartik Jhaveri, Masoom Haider, Maha Guindi, E. Jenny Heathcote – 26 February 2008 – Large bile duct injury (that seen on cholangiography) is not usually considered a feature of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in adults but is present in up to 50% of children with AIH. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of large bile duct abnormalities identified by magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in adults given a diagnosis of AIH.

Inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in vivo only slightly suppresses gluconeogenesis but enhances clearance of glucose in mice

Terry G. J. Derks, Theo H. van Dijk, Aldo Grefhorst, Jan‐Peter Rake, G. Peter A. Smit, Folkert Kuipers, Dirk‐Jan Reijngoud – 26 February 2008 – Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mFAO) is considered to be essential for driving gluconeogenesis (GNG) during fasting. However, quantitative in vivo data on de novo synthesis of glucose‐6‐phosphate upon acute inhibition of mFAO are lacking.

Cytochrome P4502E1 sensitizes to tumor necrosis factor alpha–induced liver injury through activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases in mice

Defeng Wu, Arthur Cederbaum – 26 February 2008 – The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) in cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) potentiation of lipopolysaccharide or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α)–induced liver injury. Treatment of C57/BL/6 mice with pyrazole (PY) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced liver injury compared with mice treated with PY or LPS alone. The c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 or p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 prevented this liver injury.

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