The utilization of liver transplantation in the management of acute liver failure: Comparison between acetaminophen and non‐acetaminophen etiologies

Kenneth J. Simpson, Caroline M. Bates, Neil C. Henderson, Stephen J. Wigmore, O. James Garden, Alistair Lee, Antony Pollok, George Masterton, Peter C. Hayes – 28 May 2009 – Liver transplantation (LT) may be life‐saving in severe acute liver failure (ALF). The aim of this study was to compare the utilization of LT in acetaminophen and non‐acetaminophen ALF. Between 1992 and 2006, 469 patients with ALF were admitted, and 104 underwent LT.

Inhibition of c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase switches Smad3 signaling from oncogenesis to tumor‐ suppression in rat hepatocellular carcinoma

Hiromitsu Nagata, Etsuro Hatano, Masaharu Tada, Miki Murata, Koji Kitamura, Hiroyuki Asechi, Masato Narita, Atsuko Yanagida, Nobuyuki Tamaki, Shintaro Yagi, Iwao Ikai, Koichi Matsuzaki, Shinji Uemoto – 28 May 2009 – Transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) signaling involves both tumor‐suppression and oncogenesis. TGF‐β activates the TGF‐β type I receptor (TβRI) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), which differentially phosphorylate the mediator Smad3 to become COOH‐terminally phosphorylated Smad3 (pSmad3C) and linker‐phosphorylated Smad3 (pSmad3L).

Overexpression of insulin receptor substrate‐1 and hepatitis Bx genes causes premalignant alterations in the liver

Lisa Longato, Suzanne de la Monte, Noriyoshi Kuzushita, Masayoshi Horimoto, Arlin B. Rogers, Betty L. Slagle, Jack R. Wands – 28 May 2009 – Activation of the insulin (IN)/insulin receptor substrate‐1 (IRS‐1)/mitogen‐associated protein kinase (MAPK) and the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling cascades occurs frequently in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with persistent viral infection.

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