Update on donor‐derived infections in liver transplantation

Ignacio A. Echenique, Michael G. Ison – 22 March 2013 – Advances in surgical techniques, immunosuppressive medications, and robust infectious disease prophylaxis have resulted in liver transplantation becoming the treatment of choice for patients with end‐stage liver disease and unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Nonetheless, organ transplantation is not without risk. Unexpected donor‐derived disease transmission is a newly recognized risk that complicates approximately 0.2% of all organ transplants.

Liver transplantation in hepatitis B core–negative recipients using livers from hepatitis B core–positive donors: A 13‐year experience

Humberto E. Bohorquez, Ari J. Cohen, Nigel Girgrah, David S. Bruce, Ian C. Carmody, Shoba Joshi, Trevor W. Reichman, George Therapondos, Andrew L. Mason, George E. Loss – 22 March 2013 – The use of livers from hepatitis B surface antigen–negative (HBsAg−)/hepatitis B core antibody–positive (HBcAb+) donors in liver transplantation (LT) for HBsAg−/HBcAb− recipients is still controversial because of a lack of standard antiviral prophylaxis and long‐term follow‐up. We present our 13‐year experience with the use of HBcAb+ donor livers in HBcAb− recipients.

Sequential liver and kidney transplantation from a single living donor in two young adults with primary hyperoxaluria type 1

Eytan Mor, Eviatar Nesher, Ziv Ben‐Ari, Irit Weissman, Ezra Shaharabani, Sigal Eizner, Evegny Solomonov, Ruth Rahamimov, Marius Braun – 22 March 2013 – Using living donor organs for sequential liver and kidney transplantation (SeqLKT) in patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) has emerged as a viable approach. Taking both organs from a single donor, however, is rare. There are 8 reported cases of SeqLKT in the literature, and in all but 1 case, children were the recipients. We present our experience with SeqLKT in 2 young adults with PH1.

Inflammation‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma is dependent on CCR5 in mice

Neta Barashi, Ido D. Weiss, Ori Wald, Hanna Wald, Katia Beider, Michal Abraham, Shiri Klein, Daniel Goldenberg, Jonathan Axelrod, Eli Pikarsky, Rinat Abramovitch, Evelyne Zeira, Eithan Galun, Amnon Peled – 21 March 2013 – Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an inflammation‐induced cancer, which is the third‐leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. We investigated the role of the chemokine receptors, CCR5 and CCR1, in regulating inflammation and tumorigenesis in an inflammation‐induced HCC model in mice.

Chronic kidney disease after liver transplantation in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus–coinfected recipients versus human immunodeficiency virus–infected recipients without hepatitis C virus: Results from the national institutes of health mu

Ranjeeta Bahirwani, Burc Barin, Kim Olthoff, Peter Stock, Barbara Murphy, K. Rajender Reddy, for the Solid Organ Transplantation in HIV: Multi‐Site Study Investigators – 20 March 2013 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are both associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a major complication after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The aim of this study was to assess predictors of post‐OLT CKD in HIV/HCV‐coinfected recipients versus HIV‐infected recipients without HCV (HIV/non‐HCV recipients).

Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling impairs the antiviral activity of interferon‐alpha

Joachim Lupberger, François H.T. Duong, Isabel Fofana, Laetitia Zona, Fei Xiao, Christine Thumann, Sarah C. Durand, Patrick Pessaux, Mirjam B. Zeisel, Markus H. Heim, Thomas F. Baumert – 20 March 2013 – Interferon‐alpha (IFN‐α) exhibits its antiviral activity through signal transducer and activator of transcription protein (STAT) signaling and the expression of IFN response genes (IRGs). Viral infection has been shown to result in activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)—a host cell entry factor used by several viruses, including hepatitis C virus.

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