Decreased hepatic nitric oxide production contributes to the development of rat sinusoidal obstruction syndrome

Laurie D. Deleve, Xiangdong Wang, Gary C. Kanel, Yoshiya Ito, Nancy W. Bethea, Margaret K. McCuskey, Zoltan A. Tokes, Jeffrey Tsai, Robert S. McCuskey – 7 March 2007 – This study examined the role of decreased nitric oxide (NO) in the microcirculatory obstruction of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). SOS was induced in rats with monocrotaline. Monocrotaline caused hepatic vein NO to decrease by 30% at 24 hours and by 70% at 72 hours; this decrease persisted throughout late SOS.

Immunization with an adjuvant hepatitis B vaccine after liver transplantation for hepatitis B‐related disease

Ulrich Bienzle, Matthias Günther, Ruth Neuhaus, Pierre Vandepapeliere, Jens Vollmar, Andreas Lun, Peter Neuhaus – 7 March 2007 – Patients who undergo transplantation for hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related diseases are treated indefinitely with hepatitis B hyperimmunoglobulin (HBIG) to prevent endogenous HBV reinfection of the graft. Active immunization with standard hepatitis B vaccines in these patients has recently been reported with conflicting results.

Cellular vacuolization and apoptosis induced by hepatitis B virus large surface protein

Ngee‐Chih Foo, Byung Y. Ahn, Xiaohong Ma, William Hyun, T. S. Benedict Yen – 7 March 2007 – Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis (FCH) is a rapidly progressive form of viral hepatitis B that occurs in severely immunosuppressed patients. Pathologically, the liver in FCH is characterized by widespread hepatocyte vacuolization and apoptosis, which, in contrast to more common forms of hepatitis B, is only rarely associated with significant inflammation.

“A la carte” treatment of portal hypertension: Adapting medical therapy to hemodynamic response for the prevention of bleeding

Christophe Bureau, Jean‐Marie Péron, Laurent Alric, Joséphine Morales, Jérǒme Sanchez, Karl Barange, Jean‐Louis Payen, Jean‐Pierre Vinel – 7 March 2007 – We report the results of adapting medical therapy to the monitoring of hemodynamic response in the prevention of a first variceal bleeding or rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) was measured before and after propranolol was initiated. The patients were considered responders if HVPG decreased below 12 mm Hg or at least 20% as compared with baseline value.

NAFLD may be a common underlying liver disease in patients with hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States

Jorge A. Marrero, Robert J. Fontana, Grace L. Su, Hari S. Conjeevaram, Dawn M. Emick, Anna S. Lok – 7 March 2007 – The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States is increasing, but the clinical characteristics of American patients with HCC have not been well described. The aims of this study were to determine the etiology of liver disease and short‐term outcome among HCC patients presenting to a single center in the United States. One hundred five consecutive patients with HCC were studied; mean age was 59 years, 67% were men, and 76% were non‐Hispanic white.

Cerebral microdialysis in patients with fulminant hepatic failure

Flemming Tofteng, Linda Jorgensen, Bent Adel Hansen, Peter Ott, Jens Kondrup, Fin Stolze Larsen – 7 March 2007 – Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is often complicated by high intracranial pressure (ICP) and fatal brain damage. In this study, we determined if a rise in [glutamate] ec and [lactate] ec preceded surges of high ICP in patients with FHF (median age, 42; range, 20–55 years; 7 women; 3 men) by inserting a microdialysis catheter into the brain‐cortex together with an ICP catheter. The microdialysis catheter was perfused with artificial cerebrospinal‐fluid at a rate of 0.3 μL/min.

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