Toll‐like receptor 4 is involved in the development of fructose‐induced hepatic steatosis in mice

Astrid Spruss, Giridhar Kanuri, Sabine Wagnerberger, Synia Haub, Stephan C. Bischoff, Ina Bergheim – 28 September 2009 – A link between dietary fructose intake, gut‐derived endotoxemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been suggested by the results of human and animal studies. To further investigate the role of gut‐derived endotoxin in the onset of fructose‐induced NAFLD, Toll‐like receptor (TLR‐) 4‐mutant (C3H/HeJ) mice and wildtype (C3H/HouJ) mice were either fed plain water or water enriched with 30% fructose for 8 weeks.

Scavenger receptor class B type I mediates biliary cholesterol secretion independent of ATP‐binding cassette transporter g5/g8 in mice

Harmen Wiersma, Alberto Gatti, Niels Nijstad, Ronald P. J. Oude Elferink, Folkert Kuipers, Uwe J. F. Tietge – 28 September 2009 – Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR‐BI) mediates selective uptake of cholesterol from high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particles by the liver and influences biliary cholesterol secretion. However, it is not clear, if this effect is direct or indirect. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of SR‐BI on biliary cholesterol secretion, especially in a functional context with ATP‐binding cassette transporter g5 (Abcg5)/Abcg8 and Abcb4.

A seven‐gene signature (cirrhosis risk score) predicts liver fibrosis progression in patients with initially mild chronic hepatitis C

Moira Marcolongo, Bradford Young, Francesca Dal Pero, Giovanna Fattovich, Laura Peraro, Maria Guido, Giada Sebastiani, Giorgio Palù, Alfredo Alberti – 28 September 2009 – Fibrosis progression is the main determinant of liver disease outcome in chronic hepatitis C, being influenced by environmental and host factors. Recently, a cirrhosis risk score (CRS) based on seven single‐nucleotide polymorphisms was proposed as genetic predictor of cirrhosis in hepatitis C.

S100A8 and S100A9 are novel nuclear factor kappa B target genes during malignant progression of murine and human liver carcinogenesis

Julia Németh, Ilan Stein, Daniel Haag, Astrid Riehl, Thomas Longerich, Elad Horwitz, Kai Breuhahn, Christoffer Gebhardt, Peter Schirmacher, Meinhard Hahn, Yinon Ben‐Neriah, Eli Pikarsky, Peter Angel, Jochen Hess – 28 September 2009 – The nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway has been recently shown to participate in inflammation‐induced cancer progression. Here, we describe a detailed analysis of the NF‐κB–dependent gene regulatory network in the well‐established Mdr2 knockout mouse model of inflammation‐associated liver carcinogenesis.

Overexpression of the far upstream element binding protein 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma is required for tumor growth

Uta Rabenhorst, Rasa Beinoraviciute‐Kellner, Marie‐Luise Brezniceanu, Stefan Joos, Frauke Devens, Peter Lichter, Ralf J. Rieker, Jörg Trojan, Hye‐Jung Chung, David L. Levens, Martin Zörnig – 28 September 2009 – We identified the far upstream element binding protein 1 (FBP1), an activator of transcription of the proto‐oncogene c‐myc, in a functional yeast survival screen for tumor‐related antiapoptotic proteins and demonstrated strong overexpression of FBP1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Polymorphism in the endoplasmic reticulum mannosidase I (MAN1B1) gene is not associated with liver disease in individuals homozygous for the Z variant of the alpha1‐antitrypsin protease inhibitor (PiZZ individuals)

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