Hepatocyte‐specific Ptpn6 deletion promotes hepatic lipid accretion, but reduces NAFLD in diet‐induced obesity: Potential role of PPARγ

Elaine Xu, Marie‐Pier Forest, Michael Schwab, Rita Kohen Avramoglu, Emmanuelle St‐Amand, Annabelle Z. Caron, Kerstin Bellmann, Michaël Shum, Gregory Voisin, Marilene Paquet, Alain Montoudis, Emile Lévy, Katherine A. Siminovitch, Benjamin G. Neel, Nicole Beauchemin, André Marette – 11 December 2013 – Hepatocyte‐specific Shp1 knockout mice (Ptpn6H‐KO) are protected from hepatic insulin resistance evoked by high‐fat diet (HFD) feeding for 8 weeks.

Rationale of personalized immunosuppressive medication for hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation

Kan Chen, Kwan Man, Herold J. Metselaar, Harry L. A. Janssen, Maikel P. Peppelenbosch, Qiuwei Pan – 10 December 2013 – Liver transplantation is the only potentially curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that is not eligible for surgical resection. However, disease recurrence is the main challenge to the success of this treatment. Immunosuppressants that are universally used after transplantation to prevent graft rejection could potentially have a significant impact on HCC recurrence.

T‐cell Ig and ITIM domain regulates natural killer cell activation in murine acute viral hepatitis

Jiacheng Bi, Qing Zhang, Dan Liang, Lei Xiong, Haiming Wei, Rui Sun, Zhigang Tian – 9 December 2013 – Uncontrolled natural killer (NK) cell activation during the early response to acute viral infection can lead to severe immunopathology, and the mechanisms NK cells use to achieve self‐tolerance in such contexts are currently unclear. Here, NK cells up‐regulated a coinhibitory receptor, T‐cell Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT), during challenge with the viral double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) analog poly I:C.

Activated Nrf2 impairs liver regeneration in mice by activation of genes involved in cell‐cycle control and apoptosis

Ulrike A. Köhler, Svitlana Kurinna, Dominik Schwitter, Andrea Marti, Matthias Schäfer, Claus Hellerbrand, Tobias Speicher, Sabine Werner – 6 December 2013 – The nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2, like 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor is a key regulator of the antioxidant defense system, and pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is a promising strategy for prevention of toxin‐induced liver damage. However, the consequences of Nrf2 activation on liver regeneration (LR) have not been determined.

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